STANDARDIZATION OF IMMMUNO- CAPTURE ELISA FOR BLUETONGUE VIRUS USING VP7 RECOMBINANT PROTEIN
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Date
2006
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Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar
Abstract
Bluetongue (BT) is an infectious, non-contagious, insect borne viral
disease of sheep and other domestic ruminants, such as goats and cattle.
Wild ruminants like deer, bighorn sheep, pronghorn sheep, white tailed
deer and various other Artiodactyla are also susceptible leading to heavy
losses due to high morbidity and mortality. The outcome of infection
ranges from inapparent in the vast majority of infected animals such as
goats and cattle to fatal in a proportion of infected sheep, deer and some
of the wild ruminants. Clinical signs of disease, when they appear in
domestic and wild ruminants, include a febrile response characterized by
inflammation and congestion of mucous membrane, facial edema,
hemorrhages and ulceration of the mucous membranes. In severe cases
the tongue may show intense hyperemia, edematous which may turn
cyanotic and protrude from the mouth. Dermatitis may cause wool
breaks. Sheep may become lame as a result of coronitis and due to
skeletal myopathy. It has been estimated that the worldwide losses due
to BT is three billion dollars per year (Mellor and Witmann, 2002). There
are mandatory restrictions on the movement of ruminants from BTV
endemic countries to BTV free countries as it is listed under â List Aâ
diseases by Office International des Epizooties (OIE).