GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND EVALUATION OF GRAIN AMARANTH (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) GERMPLASM
Loading...
Date
2017
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6
Abstract
In the present investigation 67 germplasms including four checks of amaranthus spp. maintained in research plot of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics at Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke to collect information on the extent of variability, degree of association of different yield components, their direct and indirect effect on seed yield and extent of genetic diversity among the genotypes. The experiment was conducted in the research plot of Ranchi Agriculture College farm during rabi 2013.
The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among germplasm for eleven characters and significant for remaining one character studied. This indicated the inherent genetic differences among the genotypes for all the twelve quantitative characters and ten qualitative characters under the present study. A wide range of phenotypic variability observed for plant height, seed yield per plant, days to 80% maturity and days to 50% flowering. Twelve quantitative and ten qualitative characters were studied so as to identify the genetic diversity present in the experimental material and genetically superior parents for breeding programme.
The ANOVA revealed significant difference for all twelve quantitative traits and ten qualitative traits among the 67 germplasm. In view of the low productivity of the crop a concerted effort is required for varietal development. In this context, genetic diversity may also play an important role in plant breeding either through exploitation of heterosis or through productive recombinant breeding which may withstand in the present scenario. A vast information was collected on the extent of variability, degree of association of different yield components and extent of genetic diversity among the genotypes. A broad spectrum of variability was visualized in almost all the characters, mainly in protein content, oil content, plant height, seed yield / plant (g). In general, phenotypic variance was slightly higher than their corresponding genotypic variance. The genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variance were highest in number of branches/plant among all other quantitative traits followed by plant height and petiole length respectively. From the experimental results it was observed that maximum heritability coupled with GA was being observed by plant height followed by days to 50% flowering at 5%. These were the the yield attributing characters and may be beneficial for further selection, which may be used in future hybridization programme to achieve desired segregants for Amaranthus spp. A positive correlation of seed yield/plant with inflorescence length, leaf length, leaf width and number of branches/plant, days to maturity and g/10ml seed weight was obtained.
Genetic divergence study revealed clustering of germplasm into twelve clusters, irrespective of their origin. Many genotypes based on cluster means & genetic diversity were identified as potential parents. Highest protein content was being shown by cluster XI followed by cluster VI and cluster X, highest seed yield /plant was found in cluster VI followed by cluster III and cluster II.
The variety suitable for days to maturity were BAUGA-10 and IC-35615, for seed yield / plant was BAUGA-69, for oil content IC-21938 and IC-35404 and for protein content variety IC-33193 was most identified as most divergent genotypes for the trait concerned, based on phenotypic traits and quality components studies considering together which may be used in future breeding programme of Amaranthus spp. to get transgressive recombinants in segregating generation and high heterotic F1’s with respect to maturity and yield as well as improved oil quality.
Description
GENETIC DIVERGENCE AND EVALUATION OF GRAIN AMARANTH (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) GERMPLASM
Keywords
null