SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF MAJOR FRUIT CROPS OF GUJARAT: IMPACT OF NATIONAL HORTICULTURE MISSION 2868
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Date
2019-07
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jau,junagdh
Abstract
India has witnessed voluminous increase in horticulture production over the last few years due to significant progress in area expansion. The Govt. of India launched National Horticulture Mission during the year 2005-06 for holistic development of horticulture sector. In this connection, the present study was undertaken to assess the growth dimensions, instability in production, components of change in average production and components of change in variance of production. The district-wise secondary data on area, production and productivity of major fruit crops were collected from the year 1994-95 to 2017-18 which was analysed using compound growth rates, Cuddy-Della Valle index and Hazell’s decomposition for three periods; Period I or pre-NHM period (1994-95 to 2005-06), Period II or post-NHM period (2006-07 to 2017-18) and Period III or overall period (1994-95 to 2017-18).
Among the growth dimensions, it was observed that the area, production and productivity of banana increased at the rate of 4.93, 7.48 and 2.42 per cent per annum, respectively in Period I while in Period III the same was increased at the rate of 4.87, 8.83 and 3.78 per cent per annum, respectively in Gujarat state while in case of ber Gujarat state recorded the highly significant growth of area, production and productivity in all the three study periods but former attributes were found with negative growth in Period II. The citrus registered highly significant growth in case of area, production and productivity in all the three periods which was more in Pre-NHM period compared to
Post-NHM period in case of area and production but in case of productivity increased growth was observed during Post-NHM due to the introduction of high yielding varieties of citrus crop during the period. The rate of increase in area and production was found significant in all the periods but productivity was found to be non-significant in all three periods in case of mango in Gujarat. In case of papaya during Period I, Gujarat state as a whole was observed with the significant growth of area, production and productivity in all three periods. In sapota, Period I and Period II was depicted significant growth in case of area and production but productivity was found non-significant while in Period III the area, production and productivity was found significant.
The instability analysis of banana revealed that the Gujarat was found to be having low instability range in Period I and Period III in case of area and productivity while production was found to be in medium instability range and in Period III, the area, production and productivity was found to be more instable with high instability range. The state recorded instability indices in the lower range in all three period in area, production and also productivity of ber. In citrus fruit, the area and production in all three period of Gujarat state was found to be stable with low instability range but productivity in Period I and Period III was found to be falling under medium instability range. The mango crop was found to have high stability Period III and Period II with their indices in high instability range except in Period I which fall under medium stability. In case of papaya, the state was under medium instability range in all three periods while in sapota it was more stable in all the three study periods.
The decomposition analysis revealed that in case of ber, citrus, papaya and sapota crops the change in mean area was the major influencing factor while in case of banana and mango change in mean yield was major contributing factor for the change in average production during Pre-NHM and Post-NHM periods. The change in variance of production in banana and mango was majorly affected by interaction between change in the mean area and mean yield variance while in ber and citrus change in area-yield covariance was observed to be the largest share of chance in variance of production. The change in the variance of production of papaya was the interaction between changes in mean area and yield variance and mean area was the major contributor for change in variance in sapota crop.