MUTATION STUDIES IN SOYBEAN [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]
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Date
2016
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Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand
Abstract
Two well adapted and genetically divergent varieties of soybean, B.S.S.2 and
R.K.S.-18, treated with five different doses of Gamma rays using cobalt 60 [Co60] source
of BARC, Mumbai were sown along with untreated parent seeds under soybean research
programme, during Kharif 2014-15.The M1 plants were harvested individually and seeds
from individual plants were sown in the field to grow the M2 progeny in subsequent
Kharif 2015.
The data collected for individual characters was subjected to the standard
descriptive statistical analysis. The experimental findings revealed that seed germination
and plant survival decreased with increase in dose of mutagen .The reduction in
germination was found more in the variety B.S.S-2 than the variety RKS -18 , proving it
to be more sensitive towards Gamma rays . In M2 generation a sudden increase in
lethality percentage was recorded in BSS-2 at higher dose. Seedling or plant injury was
not found dose dependent clearly indicating that different dose exerted different
inhibitory effect on seedling growth in both the varieties under study. High polygenic
variation was observed for the characters like plant height, number of pods per plant and
number of branches per plant in both the varieties due to effect of different doses of
Gamma rays in M2 progeny. The variety BSS-2 showed greater variability for most of
the quantitative traits which could be observed at lower doses (50 Gy and 100 Gy).
Gamma rays had positive effect on number of branches per plant and days to
maturity in both the varieties. No effect was observed for the character number of seeds
per pod ,while negative effect was recorded for 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant
in variety , R.K.S-18. Mutation frequency showed an increase with increase in dose of
Gamma rays in both the varieties. Mutation rate was found higher in BSS-2 than RKS-18
proving it to be more reactive to mutagenic treatment. In the variety BSS-2 highest
mutagenic effectiveness was recorded at 150 Gy while the effectiveness decreased with
an increase in dose. Lower dose was found to be the most effective.
Correlation was computed to know the relation between two characters of the
same variety, whereas Z-test was calculated to study about the two correlation
coefficients whether they are significantly different or not. On the basis of field data,
average performance was highly significant for several characters like plant maturity,
plant height, number of branches per plant, pod length, number of pods per plant,
number of seeds per pod and 100 seed weight.
Description
MUTATION STUDIES IN SOYBEAN [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]
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