EFFECT OF BIO-REGULATORS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) 2870
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Date
2019-07
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jau,junagdh
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Effect of bio-regulators on growth, yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)” was carried out under medium black soil having pH 7.67 and EC 0.52 dS/m during rabi season of 2017-18 at the Instructional Farm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh. The experiment consisting of twelve treatment combinations, comprising 4 levels of thiourea (water spray, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm) and 3 levels of thioglycollic acid (water spray, 100 and 200 ppm) was laid out in randomized block design having factorial concept and replicated thrice.
The results of field experiment indicated that growth parameters viz., plant height at 60, 90 DAS and at harvest, dry matter accumulation at 90 DAS and at harvest and number of tillers per plant at harvest increased significantly with the increase in thiourea concentration up to 500 ppm whereas significant response was obtained up to 250 ppm thiourea in dry matter accumulation at 60 DAS. Significant improvement in yield attributes viz., number of spikes per plant, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, spike length, test weight and grain, straw and biological yields were observed with the increasing concentration of thiourea up to 500 ppm over water sprayed control and 250 ppm thiourea. Significantly higher protein content and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) at one week after each spray were recorded in 500 ppm thiourea foliar spray over water spray. The foliar application of thiourea @ 500 ppm, being at par with 1000 ppm and significantly increased nitrogen and phosphorus content as well as uptake by wheat grain and straw over control and 250 ppm thiourea. Application of thiourea did not influence significantly the potassium content in grain and straw. But potassium uptake by seed and straw increased up to 500 ppm thiourea. The foliar application of thiourea did not have any significant effect on available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in
soil after harvest of wheat crop. Foliar sprays of 500 ppm thiourea recorded significantly higher net return of 38978/ha in comparison to water spray (29722/ha) and higher B: C ratio of 2.02.
The foliar application thioglycollic acid @ 100 ppm improved overall growth of the crop in term of plant height and dry matter accumulation at 60, 90 DAS and at harvest, number of tillers per plant at harvest, yield attributes viz., number of spikes per plant, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, spike length, test weight and grain, straw and biological yields as well as protein and chlorophyll content (SPAD value) in leaves in comparison to water spray. The foliar application of 100 ppm thioglycollic acid significantly increased nitrogen and phosphorus content and NPK uptake by wheat grain and straw. The available NPK in soil after harvest of the crop was not significantly differed by foliar application of thioglycollic acid. Significantly increased net return (37157/ha) over water spray (30084/ha) with the B: C ratio of 1.97 was obtained with the foliar spray of thioglycollic acid @ 100 ppm.
Grain yield was significantly correlated with plant height, dry matter accumulation, number of tillers per plant, number of spikes per plant, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, spike length, test weight, straw yield, biological yield, protein and chlorophyll content as well as NPK uptake in grain and straw.