PHARMACOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES OF AGERATUM CONYZOIDES IN RATS
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Date
2022
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR
Abstract
The study was taken up to evaluate the pharmacological and toxicological
property of Ageratum conyzoides (A. conyzoides) plant extract in rats. Phytochemical
analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, saponins, alkaloids,
flavonoids, phenolic compounds, phytosterols and triterpenoids. The in vivo antiinflammatory
property of the plant extract was studied using carrageenan induced
paw oedema method and the extract at the doses of 1000 and 1500 mg/kg and was
having significant anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the paw edema by 33.77 %
and 40.26 % respectively compared to standard drug meloxicam which was 46.75 %.
In vivo analgesic activity was conducted by using acetic acid induced writhing model
and the extract at the doses 1000 and 1500 mg/kg exhibited significant analgesic
activity by reducing the writhing response by 35.09 % and 41.22 % respectively
compared to standard drug meloxicam which was 48.33%. Acute oral and repeated
dose 28-day oral toxicity studies of methanol extract was carried out in Wistar albino
rats as per the OECD guidelines 423 and 407 respectively. In sub-acute oral toxicity
study, dose levels of 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg were administered daily for 28 days
and compared with the control rats. In both toxicity studies, no mortality and toxicity
signs were observed. The MTD value was found to be more than 5000 mg/kg. The
treatment groups did show changes in haematological and biochemical parameters
which were evident by histopathological changes in different organs. The plant aerial
part extract exhibited substantial anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, which
can be used to investigate the plant's therapeutic efficacy.
Key words: Ageratum conyzoides, Phytochemical analysis, Anti-inflammatory
activity, Toxicity, Wistar albino rats.