BIOENHANCING EFFECT OF BERBERIS ARISTATA AND CURCUMA LONGA ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF AMOXICILLIN IN CALVES
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Date
2014-07
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
The bioenhancing effects of Berberis aristata and Curcuma longa (30 mg.kg-1) were studied
on pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin in calves. The studies were carried out on six apparently
healthy male calves (2-3 months of age). The calves were divided into six groups and
amoxicillin was administered at the dose rate of 10 mg.kg-1 by intravenous and oral route in
groups I and II, respectively. The animals of group III and IV received extracts of Berberis
aristata and Curcuma longa along with amoxicillin, respectively. The animals of group V
and VI received only the extracts of Berberis aristata and Curcuma longa, respectively. The
blood samples were collected at 2.5 min., 5 min., 10 min., 15 min., 30 min., 1h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h,
8 h, 10 h and 12 h following the intravenous administration and samples were collected at 15
min., 30 min., 1h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 8 h, 10 h and 12 h after oral administration. The
samples were analysed for amoxicillin using agar plate diffusion method. The disposition
kinetics of amoxicillin followed two compartment open model following intravenous and oral
administration. Following a single intravenous injection of amoxicillin, the plasma level was
11.9 ± 0.21 μg.ml-1 at 2.5 min. and the drug was detected above MIC in plasma upto 6 h. The
pharmacokinetic parameters of the distribution and elimination phase of amoxicillin revealed
rapid distribution of the drug into body fluids and tissues with a short distribution half life of
0.13 ± 0.01 h. A fair distribution of drug was also reflected by the high values of K12/K21
ratio (1.81 ± 0.05) and AUC (16.13 ± 0.28 μg.ml-1.h). The values of t1/2β, Kel, ClB and MRT
were: 2.50 ± 0.07 h, 0.88 ± 0.01h-1, 620.75 ± 10.49 ml.kg-1.h-1 and 3.18 ± 0.08 h,
respectively. After oral administration the peak plasma level was achieved at 3 h and the
values of AUC, t1/2β, ClB and MRT were: 9.25 ± 0.31 μg.ml-1.h, 1.66 ± 0.05 h, 617.03 ± 10.71
ml.kg-1.h-1 and 3.79 ± 0.06 h, respectively. The simultaneous administration of extracts of
Berberis aristata and Curcuma longa altered both the absorption and elimination phases. The
findings of the present study revealed that amoxicillin has a bioavailability of 57 percent. The
simultaneous administration of extracts significantly (P<0.05) increased the oral
bioavailability of amoxicillin.
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