Assessment of Genetic Divergence in Chilli (Capsicum annuum L. var. acuminatum) Genotypes in mid hilly regions of Uttarakhand
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Date
2017-07
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College of Horticulture, Bharsar Campus, V.C.S.G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Assessment of Genetic Divergence in Chilli
(Capsicum annum L. var. acuminatum) Genotypes in mid hilly regions of Uttarakhand” was
carried out at the “Vegetable Research cum Demonstration Block”, College of Horticulture,
VCSG UUHF, Bharsar, during Kharif, 2016 to evaluate diverse germplasm of Chilli. The
experiment was laid out in a RCBD with three replications. In this study, nineteen genotypes were
evaluated for different horticultural traits Madhya Pradesh local, Bydagi kaddi, Hill local and
Sankeswar recorded highest fresh fruit yield and also performed better for other horticultural
traits. Bydagi kaddi, Varadha, Sankeswar and Hill local, recorded highest dry fruit yield and also
performed better for other horticultural traits than check cultivar. Genetic analysis indicated that
phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation
(GCV) in all of the attributes studied. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were
found high for almost all the traits except plant stem girth, days to first flowering, days to 50%
flowering and capsaicin. High heritability estimates coupled with high genetic gain were observed
for almost all the traits studied except plant height, plant stem girth, days to 50% flowering and
capsaicin, which indicated that these traits are under additive gene effects and are more reliable
for effective selection. Linear correlation analysis showed that dry fruit yield per plant had
positive and significant correlation with number of tertiary branches per plant, total number of
branches per plant, days to 50% flowering, fruit length, fresh fruit yield per plant, fresh fruit yield
per plot, fresh fruit yield per hectare and seed weight per fruit were significantly and positively
associated with yield both at genotypic and phenotypic level. Hence, there traits should be taken
into consideration, while making the selection for yield improvement in chilli. Path coefficient
analysis revealed that dry fruit yield per plant followed by number of fruits per plant, total number
of branches per plant, pericarp thickness, fruit length, fresh fruit yield per hectare, plant stem
girth, number of primary branches per plant, chlorophyll ‘b’ content and seed weight per fruit had
positive direct effect on dry fruit yield per plant. Further, on the basis of D2 analysis these
genotypes were grouped into five divergent clusters and divergence between cluster V and II is
found to be maximum, therefore superior cross combinations are expected to be obtained in future
breeding Programmes by crossing between the genotypes of these clusters. Environment and its
interaction with the genotypes were observed to be significant for all the traits in the present
study. Therefore, environments have significant impact over the performance of the genotype.
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