DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF CONTAGIOUS ECTHYMA IN GOATS
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Date
2023
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR-585 226
Abstract
Contagious ecthyma is an infectious, emerging viral disease of goats caused by Orf virus (ORFV). The present study reports prevalence of CE in goats in and around Bidar was 11.87 per cent. Clinical signs, hemato-biochemical alterations, gross pathology, PCR, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis and histopathology were recorded. Occurrence of CE in goats was more in the age group between 0-6 months and occurrence was more in females than in males. Clinical signs observed in goats with CE in the present study were pyrexia, anorexia, depression, painful scabby lesions around mouth leading to inappatence and debilitation. Grossly contagious ecthyma lesions were observed around the mouth involving lips, oral commissures, muzzle and mouth. There was a significant increase in the TLC values and significant decrease in platelet value. There was significant decrease in the AST values and significant increase in ALT values in goats. PCR for B2L gene of ORFV was carried out on scab/skin biopsy samples to confirm the disease. Detection of ORFV infection using polymerase chain reaction revealed, out of 25 tissue samples 24 (96%) were found positive for B2L gene with 1206 bp. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed ORFV isolates were close to one another followed by other Indian isolates and more closely related to China compared to other global isolates from other countries. Histopathology revealed hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, acanthosis, ballooning degeneration, degeneration of epithelial cells, presence of intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions in affected stratum spinosum cells, vesicle, pustule and ulcer formation. A clinical study was done on CE affected goats evaluating the efficacy of topical application of Thuja oint, aloevera gel and turmeric (1:1 ratio) and Thuja occidentalis mother tincture per orally for reducing the clinical severity along with parenteral antibiotic and anti-inflammatory. The response shown to different treatment protocols indicated that the topical application of Thuja oint and oral Thuja occ. mother tincture showed better results compared to herbal mixture of aloe-vera gel and turmeric powder paste, considering the number of days taken for complete resolution of scabby lesions.