ULTRASONOGRAPHIC AND RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF GASTROINTESTINAL AFFECTIONS IN DOGS AND THEIR SURGICAL TREATMENT
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Date
2022
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR – 585 226
Abstract
The present study was carried out in 12 clinical cases of dogs with gastrointestinal
affections presented to the Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary
College, Bidar. They were randomly divided into two groups with 6 dogs in each group.
Group-I dogs with gastric affections and group-II dogs with intestinal affections were
included in the study. In both group of dogs the major complaint was ingestion of foreign
body and important clinical signs observed were vomition followed by diarrhoea,
dehydration, anxiety, restlessness and lethargy. The recovered foreign body were stone,
cordless earphone, badge name plate and N95 mask in group I and trichobezoar, metallic
screw, metallic wire and five-rupee coin in group II dogs. Apart from gastrointestinal
foreign bodies, gastric dilatation in group I and intestinal engorgement in group II were
also recorded. The sex wise incidence of GIT affections in both the groups were highest in
males (10, 83.33%) and followed by females (02, 16.66%) and no breed predilection was
observed. The young age group dogs were more commonly involved with GIT affections.
All the physiological parameters were within the normal reference range however slight
variations observed in each parameter with individual variation and based on severity of
GIT affections. All the haemato-biochemical variation were within normal reference range
however the neutrophil count and lymphocyte count was higher on pre-operative day and
returned normal after treatment. The hyponatremia in group II dogs, hypochloraemia and
hypokalaemia in both group of dogs were observed before treatment. The dogs were preanesthetised
with atropine and xylazine. General anaesthesia was induced with propofol
and maintained with 2-3 % isoflurane. It was satisfactory without any complications. The
diagnosis of GIT affections in dogs in the present study suggest that history, radiography
and ultrasonography played vital role in evaluation each case and they were complimentary
to each other. In group I dogs the diagnosis of gastric affections were similar percentage
(100 %) based on history of case, radiography and exploratory surgery. However, the
ultrasonographic examination could be able to identify in two dogs (33.33%) with gastric
affections. In group II dogs the diagnosis of intestinal affections highest percentage (100%)
based on exploratory surgery followed by based on history (66.66%), radiography (50%)
and least by ultrasonography (16.66%). The metallic foreign bodies were better diagnosed
by radiography than ultrasonography whereas the detail of soft tissue evaluation was better
with ultrasonography. The limitation of each technique was balanced when both the
techniques were used for complete evaluation of each case. In both groups surgical
technique followed like decompression, gastrotomy, gastropexy, enterotomy and enteroanastomosis
were appropriate for the management of GIT affections. In group I dogs, postoperative
complications like slight subcutaneous swelling at the surgical site and local
peritonitis were observed whereas in group II dogs no post-operative complications were
observed.