STUDIES ON AEROBIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM BOVINE SUBCLINICAL AND CLINICAL ENDOMETRITIS
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Date
2021
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR
Abstract
Bacterial endometritis results in lower and delayed conception rates in
affected cows. The present study was conducted to isolate and characterize aerobic
bacteria from subclinical (SE) (n=82) and clinical endometritis (CE) (n=51) cases in
cows. In addition, studies on antibiogram profile, MIC and major virulence genes were
also carried out. Fifty eight of 82 uterine lavage samples showing 1-5% of PMN cells
by endometrial cytology were considered as subclinical endometritis cases. Bacterial
isolation and phenotypic characterization of the isolates revealed E. coli, S. aureus, S.
uberis, P. aeroginosa, P. mirabilis, K. pneumoniae and B. cereus from SE and in
addition to these, R. equi and C. bovis were also recovered in CE cases. PCR was used
to confirm the bacterial species targeting uspA and uidA genes in E. coli and nuc gene
in S. aureus. Major virulence genes in E. coli viz., fimH, fyuA, kpsMTII, csgA were
detected by PCR in 100%, 47.82%, 17.39%, 26.08% of the SE isolates, and in100%,
73.07%, 38.46%, 34.61% of CE isolates respectively. Spa gene was detected in all S.
aureus isolates and the spa type was t359. The antibiogram study by disc diffusion
method using most commonly used 19 antibacterials revealed that most of the isolates
were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, gentamicin and ceftriaxone, and
resistant to penicillin and polymyxin B. MIC values for ceftiofur, ciprofloxacin and
gentamicin were within the susceptibility range for most of the isolates. Out of 36 S.
aureus isolates, phenotypic methicillin resistance was detected in two whereas mecA
gene was detected only in one isolate by PCR. The study gives an insight into the
etiological profile, antibiogram, virulence potential of the bacterial agents associated
with bovine endometritis.
Key words: Endometritis, aerobic bacteria, virulence genes, antimicrobial
susceptibility, minimum inhibitory concentration