ISOLATION OF BIOACTIVE MOLECULES FROM NEMATOCYSTS OF JELLYFISH ALONG KARNATAKA COAST
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Date
2021
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL & FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR
Abstract
Marine toxins have received global consideration for their participation in human
intoxication. Many marine phyla are well adapted to produce venoms or toxins to protect
themselves from associated microfauna, predators, and pathogens. Despite the toxicity, some
biotoxins stand as potential drug sources in human and veterinary medicine. Among all
marine fauna, Cnidarians are well renowned for producing bioactive peptides used in drug
development, as they harbor various biological activities such as anticancer, anti-parasitic
anti-inflammatory, radical scavenging, immunomodulatory activities, and many more.
In the present study, standardization of the crude venom extract from the jellyfish
Acromitus flagellatus was fulfilled by employing the TCA/ Acetone extraction protocol
followed by nematocyst disruption using glass beads and PBS (pH 7.4). Bioassay was
conducted for the crude venom extract having the protein concentration (0.068 μg/μl) and
molecular mass between 66 kDa and 97.4 kDa. The crude venom extract isolated from A.
flagellatus showed antimicrobial activity against both the Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria. Salmonella enterica serovar Weltevreden showed the highest clear zone (9 mm),
and Vibrio alginolyticus displayed the least clear zone (2 mm). However, the crude venom
extract lacked haemolytic activity against human and fish erythrocytes.
Recently, development of multiple drug resistance (MDR) in pathogenic bacteria is a
significant concern in medical science. Isolation of such antimicrobial compounds is very
much essential to combat raising concerns on MDR. However, further studies are required
to purify and characterize the crude venom extract from the present study to recognize its
unique chemical and antimicrobial properties.