EFFECT OF GROWTH RETARDANTS ON DWARFISM, FLOWERING, YIELD AND QUALITY OF PAPAYA (Carica papaya L.) CV. GJP 1 3709
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Date
2023-07
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JAU
Abstract
Papaya, Growth retardants, Dwarfism, Flowering, Yield, Quality etc.
The present investigation entitled “Effect of growth retardants on dwarfism,
flowering, yield and quality of papaya (Carica papaya L.) cv. GJP 1” was carried out
at Fruit Research Station, Lalbaug, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh during
the year 2022-23. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Block Design with
three replications and 10 treatments comprised T1- (Control), T2- (Ethrel 150 ppm), T3-
(Ethrel 250 ppm), T4- (Ethrel 350 ppm), T5- (Cycocel 750 ppm), T6- (Cycocel 1500
ppm), T7- (Cycocel 3000 ppm), T8- (Paclobutrazol 250 ppm), T9- (Paclobutrazol 500
ppm) and T10- (Paclobutrazol 1000 ppm).
The result on the effect of growth retardants indicated that the treatment of
cycocel 3000 ppm executed the minimum plant height (142.44 cm), average internodal
length (2.87 cm), bearing height (63.97 cm), height of the plant at the time bearing
(105.90 cm), leaf stalk length (46.51 cm), days to first flowering (61.83), days to first
fruit set (66.61), male: female ratio (plant) (0.89), days to maturity (120.33), highest
number of leaves (33.74), number of fruits per plant (25.29), average yield kg per plant
(29.86 kg) and yield tone per hectare (92.15 t/ha).
The result on the effect of growth retardants indicated that the treatment ethrel
250 ppm recorded maximum average fruit length (21.91 cm), average fruit
circumference (44.25 cm), average fruit weight (1262.21 g), average pulp weight
(1021.35 g), average peel weight (160.65 g), pulp: peel ratio (6.36), TSS (9.10 oBrix),
total sugar (9.53 %), reducing sugar (7.99 %), non reducing sugar (1.54 %) and
minimum average peel weight per cent (12.73 %).
From economic point of view, maximum net realization (₹ 587257.41 ha-1
)
along with benefit cost ratio (2.76) was obtained in cycocel 3000 ppm.
Based on the results obtained from the present investigation it can be concluded
that the foliar spray of cycocel (3000 ppm i.e., 6 ml/litre of water) at 30th and 45th day
after transplanting restricts vegetative growth viz., plant height, bearing height,
internodal length, leaf stalk length; moreover, it induces early flowering, fruit set which
resulted in early maturity, lower male: female ratio (plant), increases number of leaves
and fruits per plant, yield, maximum net realization and BCR. Though, yield attributing
characters viz., fruit length, fruit circumference, fruit weight, pulp weight, pulp: peel
ratio, biochemical parameters and least peel weight per cent were reported in fruits of
treatment of ethrel (250 ppm i.e., 0.64 ml/liter of water) but number of fruits were less.