CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL, CYTOCHEMICAL AND CYTOENZYMIC STUDIES ON BLOOD CELLS OF DOMESTIC FOWL, DUCK AND JAPANESE QUAIL
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Date
2016
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Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand
Abstract
The work on “Cytomorphological, Cytochemical and Cytoenzymic studies of blood cells of domestic fowl, duck and Japanese quail” was conducted at Department of veterinary anatomy and histology, Ranchi Veterinary College, Ranchi.
The present study was conducted on blood cells of thirty healthy domestic fowl, duck and quail, ten birds of each group. The formed elements include erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes.
Thesis Abstract
Erythrocytes were round to oval in shape with length of 10.10 ± 0.35 μm and width of 8.24 ± 0.39 μm in fowl. They were mostly oval in shape with length of 13.57 ± 0.39 μm and width of 7.02 ± 0.35μm in duck whereas elongated to oval with length of 7.02 ±0.35 μm and width of 5.86 ± 0.19 μm in quail. They had homogenous pink cytoplasm in domestic fowl, duck and quail. In domestic fowl nuclei was oval, elliptical and round while in duck it was round to oval and in quail mostly elongated. Heterophils were almost round to spherical , with a size of 10.15 ± 0.25 μm in fowl. While they were mostly oval in shape with size of 10.08 ± 0.38 μm in duck and polygonal to round in shape and measured 10.75 ± 0.33 μm in quail. The nuclei had 2-4 lobes in fowl, 4-5 lobes in duck and 2-3 lobes in quail. Eosinophils were almost round to elliptical with a size of 8.20 ± 0.27m in fowl, rounded in shape with size of 9.65 ± 0.34m in duck and rounded to oval with size of 10.20 ± 0.36 m in quail. The nuclei had 2-3 lobes in fowl, 3-4 lobes in duck and 2-4 lobes in quail. Basophils were almost round in fowl and quail whereas irregular in shape in duck. The size in fowl was 7.54 ± 0.18m, 6.35 ± 0.24 m in duck and 7.38 ± 0.15 m in quail. Small lymphocytes were almost round in all the three species. Their size was 6.12 ±0.09 m in fowl, 7.18 ± 0.09m in duck and 8.13 ± 0.08 m in quail. Medium sized lymphocytes were almost round in all the three species. Their size was 7.65 ± 0.13m in fowl, 8.55 ± 0.14m in duck and 9.35 ±0.13 m in quail. Large lymphocytes were almost round in all the three species. Their size was
8.95 ± 0.14m in fowl, 9.79 ± 0.10m in duck and 10.12 ± 0.05m in quail. Monocytes were rounded in fowl and quail whereas rounded to elliptical in duck. Their size was 9.78 ± 0.11m in fowl, 8.78 ±0.14m in duck and 10.02 ± 0.15m in quail. Thrombocytes were mostly oval to round in all the three species. Their size was 4.19 ± 0.09 m in fowl, 5.05 ±0.19 m in duck and 5.71 ± 0.22 m in quail. The basophilic granules showed strong positive reaction in fowl while moderate in duck and weak in quail when the blood smears were stained with toluidine blue in the form of blue coloured granules. PAS reaction for glycogen was moderate in heterophil and weak in thrombocyte of fowl. The reaction was strong in heterophil and moderate in thrombocyte of duck and quail. Eosinophil of fowl and duck showed strongly positive reaction in the form of black granules for Sudan Black B while the reaction was weak in quail. Lymphocyte showed strongly positive reaction in quail while moderate in duck and weak in fowl when blood smears were stained for acid phosphatase. Eosinophil of fowl showed moderate to weak reaction for alkaline phosphatase, however all blood cells showed negative reaction in duck and quail. Eosinophil of fowl and duck showed moderate to strong positive reaction for peroxidase respectively, while all blood cells showed negative reaction in quail. Lymphocyte of quail showed strongly positive reaction in quail for non-specific esterase. Eosinophil showed moderately positive reaction in fowl while reaction was weak in duck when blood smears were stained for non-specific esterase.
Analysis of variance showed significant (P<0.01) effect of group on the blood cell except heterophil. Further critical difference test indicated significantly higher length of erythrocytes in duck (13.57±0.39 μm) followed by quail (11.35±.02 μm) and fowl (10.10±0.35 μm), the differences among all the three group of birds differ significantly. On the other hand width of erythrocytes was higher in fowl (8.24±0.39) then duck (7.02±0.35 μm) and lowest in quail (5.86±0.19 μm), differences being significant among all the three groups of birds.
Although the effect of group had non-significant influence on heterophil but higher value was observed in quail (10.75±0.33 μm) followed by fowl (10.15±0.25 μm) and duck (10.08±0.38 μm).
With regard to eosinophil the highest value was noticed in quail (10.20±0.36 μm) and duck (9.65±0.34 μm) then fowl (8.20±0.27 μm). However differences between former two was non-significant statistically but both the former group had significantly higher eosinophil than latter group.
Average basophils was higher in fowl (7.54±0.18 μm) followed by quail (7.38±0.15 μm) and duck (6.35±0.24 μm).Critical difference test indicated significantly lowest value in duck then fowl and quail but latter did not differ significantly from each other.
As regards lymphocytes, all three i.e. small, medium and large were significantly higher value in quail followed by duck and fowl, the differences among all the three groups differ significantly.
Monocytes had significantly lowest value in duck (8.78±0.14 μm) then fowl (9.78±0.11 μm) and quail (10.02±0.15 μm), the difference between latter two groups was non-significant statistically.
Thrombocytes had highest value in quail (5.71±0.22 μm) then duck (5.02±0.19 μm) and lowest in fowl (4.19±0.9 μm). All the three groups differ significantly among themselves.
Description
CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL, CYTOCHEMICAL AND CYTOENZYMIC STUDIES ON BLOOD CELLS OF DOMESTIC FOWL, DUCK AND JAPANESE QUAIL
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