Investigation on Keyhole laparoscopic diagnostics in dogs
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Date
2022-11-22
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Palampur
Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to standardize the diagnostic, corrective and
prognostic value of key-hole laparoscopic techniques in dogs. The study comprised of two parts viz.
the standardization phase and clinical application phase. In standardization phase, the animals were
divided into Group-I and Group-II. In Group-I, the laparoscopic procedure utilized a 10mm diameter
telescope to create a primary port caudal to the umbilicus in dogs under general anaesthesia.
Capnoperitoneum was maintained between 11 to 14.5 mm of Hg, which provided sufficient
abdominal distension in all the animals for creating the primary port entry. The procedure per se did
not generate any apparent pressure tension stress in the animals. In Group-II, a 1.9 mm diameter
telescope was used to create a primary port entry at a mean pressure of 7.03 mm of Hg to provide
moderate distension during insufflation in the dogs under sedation and local analgesic infiltration
around port entry.
The 10 mm diameter telescope, in comparison to 1.9 mm diameter telescope, provided
relatively adequate light transmission, large visualization area and easy maneuvering during the
procedure. The accurate juxtaposition of various abdominal and pelvic organs viz. liver, spleen,
kidneys, small intestines, colon, uterus, ovaries, and urinary bladder, facilitated the diagnostic and
prognostic capability of the procedure. Capnoperitoneum induced separation of organs
complemented with telescopic magnification aided an excellent diagnostic visualization. The
different affections diagnosed through 10 mm diameter telescope were intestinal intussusceptions,
ovarian remnant syndrome, pyometra, various hepatopathic and splenic growths. An uncomplicated
laparoscopic assisted biopsy of liver was one of the key finding of the present study. The laparoscopic
procedure standardized in the present study helped in identification of the smaller structures, rings,
apertures and openings, which otherwise are not normally visible during the standard celiotomy
approach. In conclusion, the laparoscopic procedure using 10 mm diameter telescope was found to
be highly beneficial, a minimal invasiveness being an additional advantage.