PREVALENCE OF YOKE GALL IN BULLOCKS- ITS MANAGEMENT
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Date
2005-06-01
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KVAFSU, Bidar
Abstract
STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF YOKE GALL, ITS MEDICAL AND
SURGICAL TREATMENT IN BULLOCKS
Manjunath Patil August-2005 Dr. B. V. Shivaprakash
Major Advisor
ABSTRACT
Prevalence of yoke gall was studied under three different situations i.e., among
clinical cases, among animals disposed for sale and slaughter. Classification and evaluation
of eight different treatments was made in 57 clinical cases of yoke gall. Prevalence of yoke
gall was studied in nine different locations of Karnataka State among clinical cases presented
for five retrospective years from 2000 to 2004. Out of 2,61,882 total cases, 70,896 were
suffering from different surgical disorders. Out of these, 2,081 cases had yoke gall with an
overall prevalence of 0.79%; and prevalence among surgical cases was 2.94%. Out of 2,225
cattle and buffaloes disposed for sale, 38 bullocks were affected with yoke gall showing the
prevalence of 1.71%. Out of 1,148 animals disposed for slaughter at Bangalore slaughter
house and Chitaguppa slaughter house, 33 bullocks were found affected with yoke gall
showing the prevalence of 2.98%. The prevalence of acute yoke gall was maximum
(40.13%) in clinical situation; subacute yoke gall was maximum (52.63%) among the animals
disposed for sale; and the chronic was maximum (53.06%) among the animals disposed for
slaughter. The prevalence was maximum in rainy season (46.23%) followed by winter
(31.43%). The prevalence was maximum in the bullocks of 6 to 8 years of age (48.42%).
The prevalence was maximum in males (88.42%). Based on clinical and hisptopathological
features a standard list of classification was given to yoke gall. Haematobiochemical and
histological features of each type were documented.
Fifty seven bullocks were divided into eight groups for the evaluation of treatment. In
group I, diclofenac sodium injection and topical application of Khand ointment (turmeric and
lime juice) were given. There was no reduction in swelling of acute and subacute yoke gall
during the first 15 days and only 25% reduction was seen after 30 days. In group II,
diclofenac sodium injection and topical application of Khand ointment and dimethyl
sulfoxide liquid were used. Initially no response and after one month only 25% reduction
was seen in these bullocks. In group III, only topical application of dimethyl sulfoxide was
employed. Response was negligible during initial 15 days and slight reduction (25%) was
seen after 30 days in bullocks with acute and subacute yoke gall. In group IV, intravenous
dimethyl sulfoxie @ 1.0 g/kg b.wt. resulted in 50% of reduction of acute yoke gall on third
day, 75% reduction on seventh day, 90% reduction on 15 th day and complete reduction on 30 th
day. In group V, dexamethasone injection was given directly into the swelling. The acute
yoke gall showed 50% reduction in swelling on third day, 75% on seventh day and almost
complete reduction on 30 th day. In group VI, herbal treatment using paste of root of
Triumfetta rotundifolia and leaves of Dregia volubilis were applied. The acute yoke galls
showed 25% reduction on third day, 50% reduction on seventh day and complete absorption
of fluid by 30 th day. The response was partial for subacute yoke gall and nil for chronic
fibrosed yoke gall in groups IV, V & VI. In group VII, surgical drainage of acute yoke galls
by stab incision resulted in immediate reduction but required second incision due to
reaccumulation. In group VIII, surgical excision was followed in nine bullocks with chronic
yoke galls which resulted in 100% improvement. There was no change in haematological
values before and after treatment. There was slight increase in SGPT level and marked
increase in LDH levels before and 30 days after treatment in all the groups.