STUDIES ON BENTHIC DETRITAL AGGREGATE FORMATION IN CULTURED SHRIMP POND
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Date
2012-03
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR
Abstract
India is a vast country with having varied and enriched natural resources. The natural
resources like freshwater, marine water and the brackish water are important in production and
development of resources. India has huge potential brackish water resources and these
brackish water resources include estuaries, coastal lagoons, mangrove swamps and coral reefs
supports a varied biological resources, such as fishes, prawns/shrimps, crabs, mussels, (clams,
cockles, and oysters), lobsters, and other with their seed resources as well as sea weeds. India
has 1.30 million ha. brackish water area suitable for aquaculture. (Ghosh, 2010). Out of which,
at present about 1.41 lac. ha. area is presently under aquaculture (traditional, improved
extensive and semi-intensive systems). And the estuaries covered along North Kanara district
are Kalinadi, Aghnashini and Sharavati.
The mid 1980s to early 1990s was a period of rapid growth in the production of
cultured shrimp, particularly in South East Asia and Central America. Overall global fish
production was estimated to be 140 million tons during 2009. Aquaculture production has
contributed to 36 million tons in 2002 and reached to 50.3 million tons in 2OO7.This indicated
that 6.5% growth was recorded in aquaculture alone. Shrimp production from both capture and
culture was accounted to be 6.6 MT in 2009. China, leading first in shrimp production with 2.7
MT, followed by India and Thailand. However, the shrimp aquaculture industry has received
unprecedented criticism for unsustainable practices. This has included the discharge of pond
waters of high nutrients load and contributed to high phytoplankton to cause eutrophication of
coastal waterways, destruction of mangrove and wetland habitats and depletion of world fish
stocks to make shrimp feed. 4'he continuation of unsustainable practices has the potential to
significantly hamper production of shrimp. The future of the shrimp industry relies on the
development of more sustainable and best management practices.
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