BIO-PHYSICAL, BIO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERS AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION OF DIFFERENT CASTOR GENOTYPES FOR RESISTANCE TO LEAFHOPPER, Empoasca flavescens Fabricius.
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Date
2017
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Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University
Abstract
The present study on "Bio-physical, bio-chemical characters and
molecular characterisation of different castor genotypes for resistance to
leafhopper, Empoasca flavescens Fabricius.” was carried out in Dryland farm
of Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College and IFT, RARS, Tirupati during
kharif, 2016-17.
Screening of twenty eight castor genotypes against leafhopper E.
flavescens revealed that the mean leafhopper population varied significantly
among the genotypes and high population was recorded in DPC-9 (54.28/3
leaves) followed by DCH-177 (42.93). Least leafhopper population was
recorded in GCH-7 (20.48), VP-1 (20.63). The genotypes DPC-9, PCH-111
and DCH-177 recorded highest hopper burn scores of 2.4, 2.4 and 2.0
respectively. Lowest hopper burn scores were recorded in genotypes GCH-7
(0.00), PCH-254 (0.00) and SKI-336 (0.00).
Genotypes GCH-7, PCH-254 and SKI-336 could be ranked as the
least preferred genotypes with lowest leafhopper population and hopper
burn scores while the genotypes DPC-9, DCH-177 could be ranked as most
preferred genotypes with highest leafhopper population and hopper burn
scores. This could be supported by the fact that GCH-7, PCH-254 and SKI336
were triple bloom genotypes imparting resistance to the leafhopper by
antixenotic mechanism while DPC-9, DCH-177 and PCH-111 were zero
and single bloom genotypes, respectively with no wax bloom on their leaf
lamina.
The correlation studies on leafhopper population with abiotic factors
showed that maximum temperature, minimum temperature, rainfall, number
of rainy days and evaporation were negatively correlated whereas relative
humidity and sunshine hours were positively correlated with leafhopper
population.
Leaf colour of different castor genotypes was recorded through
SCMR at monthly intervals upto 90 DAS. The correlation studies of SCMR
with leafhopper population and hopper burn scores in castor showed that
there was a negative significant correlation between SCMR and both the
leafhopper population and hopper burn scores. In the present investigation
no trichomes were observed on castor leaves.
Among bio-chemical components of castor, phenols had a significant
negative correlation with both leafhopper population and hopper burn
scores. Total carbohydrates showed a significant positive correlation with
leafhopper population. Total free amino acids exhibited significant negative
correlation with hopper burn scores.
The yield of different genotypes ranged from 217.25 to 31.31g/ plant.
Highest yield was recorded in SKI-336 (217.25 g/plant) followed by M-574
(174.44 g/ plant), PCH-254 (152.16 g/ plant) while the lowest yield was
recorded in SKI-335 (31.31 g/ plant) followed by SKI-84 (38.85 g/ plant)
DCH-519 (52.51 g/ plant) and DCS-107 (55.95 g/ plant).
Twelve contrasting genotypes were selected out of twenty eight
genotypes for studying the molecular diversity by RAPD and SSR
techniques. Eleven random primers (OPA 01, 07, 15, 19, OPC 02, 07, 08, 15
OPD 07, 09, 10) were used for RAPD analysis and generated scorable PCR
products by amplifying the template DNA with Taq polymerase. The RAPD
products generated a total 155 fragments with an average of 14.09 fragments
per primer and the fragments were found 100 per cent polymorphic. The
number of scorable bands produced per primer ranged from 2 to 34 and size
of the products ranged from 75 bp to 6900 bp.
The phylogenetic relationship among 12 castor genotypes was
analysed by UPGMA method. The cluster analysis showed three major
clusters having GCH-4, PCH-111, Jwala, Pragathi in one cluster, DPC-9,
SKI-336, GCH-7, VP-1 in one cluster and PCH-282, Kranthi, SKI-341,
DCH-177 in another cluster.
Molecular diversity was studied with a set of 41 microsatellite or SSR
primers in twelve contrasting castor genotypes. The SSR markers generated a
total 120 fragments with an average of 2.86 fragments per primer and the
fragments were found 81.09 per cent polymorphic. The number of scorable
bands produced per primer ranged from 1 to 5 and size of the products ranged
from 85 bp to 880 bp.
The phylogenetic relationship among 12 castor genotypes was
analysed by UPGMA method. The dendrogram constructed showed three
major clusters having DPC-9, SKI-336, GCH-7 in one cluster, PCH111,Pragathi,
GCH-4, Jwala in one cluster and SKI-341, PCH-282, DCH177,
Kranthi and VP-1 in another cluster. Out of 41 primers, six primers
exhibited 0 per cent polymorphism, three primers exhibited 50 per cent
polymorphism and remaining 32 primers exhibited 100 per cent
polymorphism
Description
D5511
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