Evaluation of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) Inbred Lines for Heat Tolerance
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Date
2022
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Abstract
The present investigation entitled as “Evaluation of Fennel
(Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) Inbred Lines of fennel for Heat Tolerance”
was carried out fifty-seven inbred lines with six check varieties and 3
blocks in augmented design during rabi, 2021-22 to estimate variability,
character association, path analysis on seed yield and heat stress
indices to screen the genotypes.
Analysis of variance indicated significant variability for all the
traits studied namely days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant
height, branches per plant, umbels per plant, umbellets per plant,
seeds per umbel, 1000-seed weight, chlorophyll and seed yield per
plant. High estimates of PCV along with GCV were observed for
umbellets per umbel in timely sown environment and late sown
environment. The estimate of heritability was high for characters viz.,
seeds per umbel, chlorophyll and seed yield per plant in timely sown
environment. Whereas, umbellets per umbel, chlorophyll and seeds per
umbel in late sown environment. Genetic advance as percentage of
mean was high for characters viz., umbellets per umbel under both the
conditions. High estimates of PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic
advance as percentage of mean was observed for umbellets per umbel
in both the conditions.
The seed yield per plant had positive and significant association
with umbels per plant, umbellets per umbel, seeds per umbel and
1000-seed weight in timely sown environment whereas the seed yield
per plant had positive significant correlation with umbels per plant,umbellets per umbel, 1000-seed weight, seeds per umbel, days to
maturity and plant height in late sown environment. Path coefficient
analysis revealed that umbellets per umbel had high positive direct
effect on seed yield followed by umbels per plant and seeds per umbel
in timely sown environment and umbellets per umbel, umbels per plant
and 1000-seed weight in late sown environment. Based upon the
correlation and path coefficient analysis, it was concluded that
umbellets per umbel, umbels per plant, seeds per umbel and 1000-
seed weight are the most important yield component traits in timely
sown environment and late sown environment.
The differential responses of genotypes to heat stress condition
indicated the stress tolerance ability of genotypes of fennel. On the
basis of stress susceptibility indices, seventeen out of fifty seven
genotypes were identified as heat stress tolerant inbred lines of fennel
for seed yield per plant, lowest SSI value of ILF-68, ILF-46, ILF-43, ILF 35, ILF-68, ILF-46, ILF-51, ILF-50, ILF-53, ILF-57, ILF-48, ILF-33, ILF 48, ILF-28, ILF-26 and ILF-4, whereas ILF-29 showed high SSI value
followed by ILF-44, ILF-40, ILF-39, ILF-54, ILF-31, ILF-67, ILF-18, ILF 47, ILF-20 and ILF-22 which implies that it is highly susceptible to heat
stress. Stress tolerance (TOL) indicates the high stress tolerance ability
of inbred lines. Lower TOL values indicate the lower differences in yield
between timely sown environment and late sown environment, in other
words high tolerance to heat stress. With respect to 9 out of 57 inbred
lines were the top performer for heat stress ILF-68, ILF-46, ILF-43, ILF 35, ILF-30, ILF-60, ILF-52, ILF-36 and ILF-28.
Based upon the mean seed yield, SSI and TOL the inbreds viz.,
ILF-68, ILF-46, ILF-43, ILF- 35, ILF-30, ILF-60, ILF-52, ILF-36, ILF-28
were found tolerant under late sown environment. Hence, these
inbreds may be used in heat stress breeding programmes.
On the basis of stress intensity most affected trait is umbels per
plant followed by seeds per umbel, chlorophyll, days to 50% flowering,
days to maturity, plant height, umbellets per umbel, 1000-seed weight,
branches per plant and yield per plant