EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES AND CULTIVARS OF GAILLARDIA UNDER SAURASHTRA REGION 3762
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Date
2023-09
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JAU JUNAGADH
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of different genotypes and
cultivars of gaillardia under Saurashtra region.” was taken at Instructional Farm
(Jambuvadi), Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of
Horticulture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh during September to March,
2019-2020 and 2022-2023. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete
Block Design with 3 Replications and 12 Genotypes. The data pertained to
morphological and molecular characteristics of 12 genotypes and cultivars were
analyzed statistically.
The mean data showed significant variation among genotypes and cultivars
with respect to plant height at peak flowering time. Significantly, maximum plant
height (89.00, 81.00 and 85.00 cm) was recorded in genotype Ludhiana Selection 1,
Whereas, maximum number of branches per plant (21.13, 21.16 and 21.14) was
recorded in Gaillardia Mix and maximum number of stem diameter (10.28, 10.46 and
10.37 mm) was recorded in PG 1 during both the years as well as in pooled.
Similarly, maximum fresh weight of plant after final harvest (2382.12, 2422.95 and
2402.53 g) was recorded in Sarpan Yellow and maximum dry weight of plant (637.11,
637.66 and 637.39 g) was recorded in Gaillardia Mix during both the years as well as
in pooled. Significantly, highest plant spread (50.67 cm N-S) was observed in
Gaillardia Mix during first year. While, Sarpan Gaillardia Grand Mix recorded (55.06
and 52.85 cm N-S) during second and in pooled. Significantly maximum plant spread
E-W (71.87 cm) was noted in Sarpan Gaillardia Grand Mix during first year. While,
PG 1 recorded (73.31 and 71.93 cm N-S) during second year and in pooled.
Minimum days for first flowering (44.57, 45.27 and 44.92 days), maximum
flower yield per plant (2334.86, 2430.02 and 2382.44 g), highest flower yield per plot
(46.62, 48.55 and 47.58 kg), maximum flower yield per hectare (86.33, 89.90 and
88.11 t/ha) and longest flowering span (119.14, 120.27 and 119.71 days) were
observed in cultivar Sarpan Yellow during both the years as well as in pooled data.
Significantly highest number of flowers per plant (268.73, 287.61 and 278.17) was
recorded in cultivar Gaillardia Mix during both the years as well as in pooled. While,
highest flower weight (9.44, 9.51 and 9.48 g) was obtained in cultivar Gaillardia
Double Mix during both the years as well as in pooled data.
Longest In-situ longevity of flower observed (19.19, 19.34 and 19.26 days),
maximum vase life (9.95, 10.32 and 10.14 days), highest number of ray florets per
flower (196.12, 198.49 and 197.30) were recorded in cultivar Sarpan Yellow during
both the years as well as in pooled data. The longest stalk (36.57, 36.91and 36.74 cm)
was obtained in Ludhiana Selection 1 during both the years as well as in pooled. The
maximum flower diameter was recorded in Gaillardia Double Mix (7.64, 8.41 and
8.02 cm) in both the years as well as in pooled data. The flower colour of 12
genotypes and cultivars under study, was recorded by comparing the colour of ray
florets with Royal Horticulture Society colour chart.
In the Saurashtra region, the cultivar Sarpan Yellow outperformed over other
gaillardia genotypes/cultivars in terms of fresh weight and dry weight of the plant,
flowering time, flower yield, shortest number of days to first flowering, longevity of
flower in-situ, vase life, and quantity of ray florets per flower.
The results of the molecular characterisation revealed that the gaillardia
genotypes could be successfully classified and characterised based on PCR
amplification profile, and as a result, these properties may be used as useful
descriptors in the identification and upkeep of gaillardia genotypes. The dendrogram's
findings have been confirmed as cultivars with a similar cluster have moved closer to
one another and vice versa.
The correlation analysis demonstrated the significance of gaillardia features
such as flowering span, flower weight, number of ray florets per flower, and in situ
longevity flower for enhancing flower output per plant. In addition, path coefficient
analysis showed that the number of ray florets per flower could be regarded as a
significant contributor to yield and should be given due consideration when
performing selection because of their strong positive direct effect and strongly
positive correlation with flower yield per plant