IMPACT OF DIET MODIFICATION, EDUCATION AND COUNSELLING INTERVENTIONS ON MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS
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Date
2001-08-10
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE
Abstract
The impact of diet and educational interventions on the
management of diabetes mellitus was studied for a period of six months.
Fifty Type-2 diabetics, above 50 years of age from Hubli-Dharwad
diabetes clinics were interviewed for general information, diabefe knowledge
and practices by using, pretested questionnaire. The nutritional status was
assessed by dietary; anthropometric and clinical methods.
Out of this, 26 diabetics were given interventions in form of diet
modification alone (I) for individual subjects, education alone (II) in form of
individual, group, family and spouse education, combination of diet
modification and education (HI) with 6-7 subjects in each group for a period
of six months. Control group was not given any interventions (IV).
More than half the subjects had three meals and a snack every
day. Foods rich in fats and sugar were restricted, vegetables, citrus and
jumbu fruit and fenugreek seeds were specially included, half the subjects
exercised and walking being the most common form. Obesity and
hypertension were common complications. Females had higher morbidity and
age related problems compared to males. The mean adequacy for energy
nutrients was higher than RDA in both the genders. Higher percentage of
females were abdominally obese (62.07%) compared to males (38.10%).
Positive improvements in diet scores was observed in intervention
groups and diet modification group had made maximum desirable changes
(83.33%) followed by III. The adequacy of fuel nutrients decreased during
the intervention period. More number of diabetics lost weight in I followed
by III. There was a significant decrease in blood sugar, lipids and increase
in HDL-C, and most of the diabetes complications were under control, 45
percent of non exercising subjects exercised after the intervention.
Diet modification for six months was most effective in terms of
glyeemic control, reduction in lipids, increase in HDL-C, weight reduction,
improvement in diabetes practices and control of complications, followed by
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