FLORISTIC COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY OF HOMEGARDENS IN ANGARA BLOCK, RANCHI, JHARKHAND
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Date
2016
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Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand
Abstract
The present study was conducted on the “Floristic Composition and Diversity of
Homegardens in Angara Block, Ranchi, Jharkhand” in the homegardens of 120 randomly
selected sample household in four selected villages of Angara Block. The randomly
selected villages are Singari, Gutidih, Janum and Rangamati Villages of Sursu, Tati,
Angara and Nawagarh Panchayat respectively.
Structure and diversity of homegardens were analyzed. A total of 101 plant
species (21 trees, 10 shrubs, 13 saplings, 11 seedlings, 46 herbs) belonging to 43 families
were recorded. In Angara Block, the most dominant family in tree layer were as
Verbenaceae, Rhamnaceae, Anacardiaceae, Leguminosae and Moraceae. In sapling
layer, Rhamnaceae, Verbenaceae and Anacardiaceae family were dominant. In seedling
layer, most dominant family were Rhamnaceae, Verbenaceae, Moraceae and Myrtaceae.
In shrubs layer, most dominanat family were Caricaceae, Moringaceae, Musaceae,
Verbenaceae and Fabaceae. However, in herbs layer Poaceae, Brassicaceae, Solanaceae,
Fabaceae, Araceae, cucurbitaceae and Malvaceae were most dominant family.
Density of trees, saplings, seedlings, shrubs and herbs varies from 840 - 1390,
170 - 270, 100 - 140, 590 - 2110 and 42690 - 102320 ha-1 respectively. Of all woody
species, Gamhar and Teak showed the highest Importance Value Index. Among fruit
species Ber, Mango and Kathal showed the highest Importance Value Index. The highest
IVI index indicated that these species are as dominated species.
According to diversity indices of different villages of Angara Block, the Shannon
index of tree, sapling, seedling, shrub and herb layers varies from 1.77 - 3.46, 1.91 -
2.77, 1.90 - 2.52, 0.72 - 2.27 and 3.01 - 4.22 respectively. Similarly, Simpson’s index of
tree layer lies between 0.12 to 0.46, sapling layer 0.17 to 0.39, seedling layer 0.18 to
0.29, shrubs layer 0.25 to 0.54 and herb layer 0.08 to 0.21. Species Richness of the tree,
sapling, seedling, shrub, herb layers are having between 1.38 - 2.22, 0.74 - 1.36, 0.65 -
1.04, 0.63 - 1.06, 1.77 - 3.00 respectively. Equitability ranges from 0.74-1.24 of tree
layer, 1.07 -1.33 of sapling layer, 1.25 - 1.41 of seedling layer, 0.45 - 1.27 of shrub layer,
1.02 - 1.21 of herb layer. Beta diversity of tree layer varies from 1.31 - 1.91, sapling
layer varies from 1.62-4.60, seedling layer varies from 1.83 - 2.75, shrub layer varies
from 1.67 - 2.00 and in herbs layer varies from 1.39 - 2.42.
Among the villages, the basal cover of trees, saplings, seedlings, shrubs and herbs
varies from 25.40 to 39.26, 0.62 to 1.76, 0.05 to 0.62, 5.21 to 12.30, 37.52 to 64.98
(m2ha-1) respectively.
A homegarden is designed to fulfill a wide array of functions and provide a range
of benefits. These benefits are economic, ecological and cultural in nature. Homegardens
contribute to floral diversity of landscape with owned plant biodiversity. The
multistoried composition, high species diversity and domestication of wild plants in the
system may help to conserve biodiversity of the area; they need to be considered for in
situ conservation and development programme in future. Homegardens ensure crop
diversification provide diversified products through low in amount but nutritious in
nature.
Description
FLORISTIC COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY OF HOMEGARDENS IN ANGARA BLOCK, RANCHI, JHARKHAND
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