CLINICAL STUDIES ON LAPAROHYSTEROTOMY AND NEONATAL RESUSCITATION IN SMALL RUMINANTS
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Date
2010-05
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Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, TIRUPATI – 517 502,A.P
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
The present study entitled “Clinical studies on laparohysterotomy
and neonatal resuscitation in small ruminants” was conducted to evaluate
different techniques of performing laparohysterotomy and neonatal
resuscitation in small ruminants suitable to the field conditions.
In the present study, the incidence of dystocia in sheep was found
to be 87.03% and in goat it was 12.96%. Comparatively, incidence of
dystocia was more in pleuriparous compared to the primiparous animals.
Many cases of dystocia warranting laparohysterotomy were found to be
associated with female foetuses. The main indication for which
laparohysterotomy performed was, the insufficient dilatation of cervix
followed by gross oversize of foetus, postural abnormalities, foetal
emphysema and uterine torsion.
Real time B-mode trans abdominal ultrasonography was found to
be rapid and highly useful in knowing the viability status of the foetus.
Spinal anaesthesia using two per cent lignocaine hydrochloride at
lumbosacral space provided optimal analgesia, muscle relaxation and
hind limb restraint. Linear infiltration had the disadvantages of
improperly desensitized peritoneum and development of toxicity. Post
anaesthetic depression was marked in both linear infiltration and
ketamine diazepam anaesthesia.
The mid ventral incision was proved to be best, due to its
advantages like ease of performance, less haemorrhage, provision of good
working place for exteriorization and detorsion. The disadvantages of
the right and left ventro lateral oblique incisions were the prolapse of
intestines at the site of operation, less working space, difficulty in
exteriorization.
The conspicuous haematological changes in all the animals, were
decreased total erythrocytes count, haemoglobin, and packed cell volume;
leucocytosis with neutrophilia and lymphocytopoenia. The biochemical
parameters revealed increased levels of glucose and plasma cortisol and
decreased levels of cholesterol and plasma proteins. Microscopic
examination of biopsy samples of uterus showed coagulation necrosis,
vacuolation, hypertrophy endometrial glands; hyalinization of blood
vessels, oedema and necrosis of myometrium. The antibiotic sensitivity
test revealed sensitivity of samples to enrofloxacin and gentamicin.
Among the neonatal resuscitation procedures, the best method of
clearing airways was nasal and pharyngeal suctioning and heimlich’s
manoeuvre. Apnoea was best treated by external cardiac massage with
oxygen supplementation. Hypoxia and hypothermia were corrected by
placing the neonate in an incubator that had oxygen supply and a light
source. The neonatal hypoglycemia could be best treated by injection of
glucose solution intraperitoneally.