INFLUENCE OF PLANTING METHODS AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON SEED YIELD AND STORABILITY OF SOYBEAN [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]
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Date
2016-01-18
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PROFFESSOR JAYASHANKAR TELANGANA STATE AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
Abstract
Studies on “Influence of planting methods and nutrient application on seed yield and
storability of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]” was conducted at College of Agriculture,
Rajendranagar, PJTSAU, Hyderabad during 2014-2015 to explore the seed production
potential and soybean seed quality during storage period. Experiment was carried out by
taking two planting methods (Ridge- Furrow and Flat bed methods) as main treatments and
eight combination of nutrient doses (RDF, RDF+Zn, RDF+Mo, RDF+Zn+Mo, 1.5 RDF,
1.5 RDF+ Zn, 1.5 RDF+Mo and 1.5 RDF+ Zn+Mo) as sub treatments in split plot design
replicated thrice.
Planting methods and nutrient application exhibited significant influence on the crop
growth parameters, seed yield and seed quality parameters. Among the planting methods,
ridge and furrow method of planting had significant influence on growth and yield
parameters over flat bed method. Among different nutrient levels, 1.5 RDF + Zn +Mo had
significantly affected crop growth, seed yield and seed quality parameters. Interaction
effects indicated that ridge method of planting with application of molybdenum along with
1.5 RDF has resulted in maximum leaf area index (3.48), dry matter (17.51gm-2), highest
number of pods (49.57), 100 seed weight (10.90 g) and seed yield (2100 kg ha-1).
Seed quality parameters were not differed significantly with different planting
methods. However, nutrient levels has shown significant influence on germination
percentage, speed of germination, mean germination time, seedling length, seedling dry
weight, seed vigour indices, electrical conductivity, dehydrogenase, peroxidase and
superoxide dismutase enzyme activities. Application of 1.5 RDF+ Mo+ Zn has resulted in
high germination percentage (98.39 %), seedling length (31.62 cm), seedling dry weight
(0.88 g), seedling vigour index- I and II (3224 and 82.63 respectively), less mean
germination time (3.29 days), speed of germination (30.14), higher dehydrogenase (0.635)
and peroxidase (0.502) activities with higher superoxide dismutase (1.226) activity and
lower EC value (0.840 dSm-1). It also resulted in higher nutrient contents in seed N(6.78%),
P (0.77%), K(1.94%), S(0.39%), B (24.80 ppm), Zn (21.96 ppm) and Mo (3.48 ppm).
Studies on storage potential of soybean seed indicated significant influence of storage
period on the seed quality parameters. Planting methods did not show any significant
influence on quality parameters studied during storage. However, application of various
nutrient levelsexhibited significant differences among the treatments for all the seed quality
parameters studied. The interaction effects between planting methods and nutrition doses
were also found to be non significant.
Decline in germination percentage and corresponding vigour index was noticed over a
period of six months of storage in all the treatments. Ridge method of planting with
application of zinc and molybdenum together along with 1.5 RDF has recorded higher
germination percentage (89.37%), seedling length (24 cm), seedling dry weight (0.50 g),
vigour index-I and II (2066 and 43.58 respectively) and high speed of germination (24.53),
high dehydrogenase activity (0.162), high peroxidase activity (0.274) and with high
superoxide dismutase activity (1.74) with low EC values (1.234 dSm-1) at the end of
storage period indicating better storability and protection from lipid peroxidation and seed
deterioration.
The present results indicated that among the germination, seedling and vigour traits
studied seedling vigour index-I, speed of germination, seedling length and germination
were more sensitive seed quality parameters affected by ageing during storage under
ambient conditions.
From the results of the present study, it could be concluded that planting methods
and nutrient applicationhas significant influence on field performance of soybean crop.
Nutrient application had significant influence on initial seed quality parameters and also
during storage period. Ridge and furrow method of planting with 1.5 RDF+ Zn+ Mo helps
in good field performance with recovery of higher seed yield and better seed quality.