Physiological Investigations of Reproductive Phases for Heat Tolerance in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes
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Date
2018-07
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University of Agriculture Sciences, Dharwad
Abstract
Two season field experiments was carried out at Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad, during rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18 with five and twenty-two chickpea genotypes for evaluation of reproductive behaviour, protein profiling and productivity under different temperature regimes achieved by altering dates of sowing. High temperature significantly affected negatively the phenophases and thermal indices of the chickpea genotypes under D3 (46th SMW) temperature regime as compared to D1 (41st SMW) and D2 (43rd SMW). Among the genotype, JAKI-9218 was slow to initiate flower and pods, late in maturity and accumulated highest GDD, PTI and HUE for all the phenophases.
The lipid peroxidation increased from 27.00 to 36.65 % with increase in the day/night temperature between D2 and D3 temperature regime at 30 days after 50% flowering. D1 and D2 temperature regimes recorded higher total number of flowers, pollen germination, pollen fertility, pollen density and fertile and sterile pollen diameter in all genotypes as compared to D3 temperature regime. Among genotypes JG-14 performance was superior in all parameters and under all dates of sowing. SDS-PAGE analysis of protein profiling in pollen grains showed production of additional polypeptides of MW 158.2-12.9 kDa and MW of 112.0-17.1 kDa in leaves appeared in chickpea genotypes.
The D2 temperature regime recorded significantly higher values for seed weight, test weight, haulm weight, number of seeds and number of pods per plant with less flowers to pod ratio (3.08) and higher yield (2463 kg ha-1) while the genotype JG-11 (46 %), JG-14 (29 %),, Annigeri-1 (29 %) and KAK-2 (24 %) recorded a higher per cent increase in yield under D2 as compared D1 and D3.
This study emphasised that fifteen days delayed sowing from normal date produced higher yield and the genotypes viz., Annigeri-1, JG-11, JG-14, JG-130, BGD-103 and RSG-44 were identified as high yielding temperature tolerant.