Study on heterosis and combining ability in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.
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Date
2023-05
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G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263145
Abstract
The present investigation entitled „Study on heterosis and combining ability in cauliflower
(Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.)‟ was conducted at Vegetable Research Centre, Govind Ballabh
Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand during cropping season of
2019 and 2020. The major objectives of the study were to estimate heterobeltiosis and standard
heterosis for yield and component characters, combining abilities of parents and crosses and to
determine the correlation as well as the gene action involved in the expression of traits. The
experiment was laid down in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Thirty
cross combinations were evolved from 13 cauliflower genotypes by following line × tester mating
design with 10 lines and 3 testers. The parents and crosses were evaluated for 15 metric and 8
visual/quality characters.
Analysis of variance for all the traits revealed highly significant differences indicating that
there was considerable variability for these traits among the genotypes. Cross combinations namely
COMP-3 × Pant Gobhi-3, PCF-120 × Pant Gobhi-3, PC-77 × Pusa Meghna, INB-9-2 × Pusa Meghna
and PCF-120 × Pusa Meghna exhibited significant heterobeltiosis for curd yield along with most of
the yield attributing characters. PC-100 × Pusa Meghna and PCF-65 × Pusa Meghna also exhibited
significant desirable heterobeltiosis for a number of traits like plant height, lamina length, leaf length,
leaf width, etc. In case of standard heterosis, cross combination COMP-3 × Pant Gobhi-3 exhibited
high significant value for almost all the characters except plant spread, number of leaves per plant,
leaf length, stalk length and days to harvest. Other cross combinations exhibiting significant standard
heterosis for curd yield along with other yield attributing traits were COMP-3 × Sabour Agrim, INB-
9-2 × Pusa Meghna, PC-77 × Pusa Meghna and PCF-120 × Pant Gobhi-3.
Lines namely COMP-3, DC-54-15 and INB-9-2 were found as the best general combiners for
most of the traits. Among testers, Pant Gobhi-3 was found to best general combiner for most of the
traits followed by Pusa Meghna whereas Sabour Agrim was observed to be poor general combiner for
all the traits. Cross combination PC-77 × Pusa Meghna exhibited significant high SCA effect for all
the characters except days to harvest, whereas PC-98 × Sabour Agrim exhibited highly significant
SCA effect for curd yield along with most of the yield attributing traits. The cross combinations
showing high heterosis coupled with high SCA effects for curd yield were PCF-120 × Pant Gobhi-3,
PC-77 × Pusa Meghna and INB-9-2 × Pusa Meghna and can be further used in crop improvement
programme.
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Theses of Ph.D