DETECTION OF VIRULENCE GENE PROFILE AND ESBL PRODUCTION IN Shigella spp. FROM FOODS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN
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Date
2024-02
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY, TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
The present study was undertaken for isolation and characterization of Shigella
spp. from foods of animal origin. A total of 367 samples from wide range of foods of
animal origin comprising of chicken (70), mutton (80), pork (50), fish (65), raw milk
samples (65), spoiled eggs contents (12) and fresh eggs contents (25). Out of 367 samples
analyzed, 15.2% (56/367) and 1.3% (5/367) samples were positive for Shigella spp. by
cultural isolation and m-PCR, respectively. All the five S. dysenteriae isolates were
detected from egg samples. None of the isolates exhibited biofilm production ability on
congo red agar and 60% Shigella isolates showed lipase activity with clear zone around the
colonies on Tween20 agar. All the isolates carried the virulence gene virA (100%) followed
by sat (80%), set1A (60%) and Ial and set1B (40% each) whereas stx and sen genes were
not found in any of the Shigella spp.
Antibiogram of five isolates revealed 100% resistance towards Penicillin-G
(100%), followed by ampicillin and amikacin (80% each), tetracycline and streptomycin (60% each), cefoxitin, azithromycin, chlormphenicol and nalidixic acid (40% each) and
gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and nitrofurantoin (20% each).
Higher sensitivity was observed towards ciprofloxacin (80%), followed by
nalidixic acid (60%), tetracycline, nitrofurantoin, chlormphenicol and azithromycin (40%
each) and gentamicin, streptomycin and ampicillin (20% each). All five S. dysenteriae
isolates (100%) isolates were found to be multi drug resistant (MDR). A total of two (40%)
isolates were phenotypically confirmed as ESBL producers and none of the isolates showed
any of the β-lactamase genes under study.
ERIC-PCR and REP-PCR genotyping distinguished five isolates of S. dysenteriae
into five genotypes revealed a greater degree of heterogeneity. The discriminatory power of
ERIC-PCR and REP-PCR was found to be one, indicating that both the genotyping
methods were highly significant. Cluster analysis also revealed a great degree of
homogeneity and heterogeneity among different isolates recovered from different sources,
thereby indicating possible chance of interactions among different environments.