Effect of herbal feed additive and sulfate on the performance of cattle calves
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Date
2024-01-15
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U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) Mathura Uttar Pradesh India-281001
Abstract
Present study was conducted to investigate the effect of herbal feed additive
and sulfate supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization,blood
biochemical parameters, immune and antioxidant response and rumen fermentation
pattern in growing calves. Twenty four growing cattle calves (12 male Haryana, 8
male Sahiwal, 4 female Sahiwal calves) 0f 4 to 16 months age were distributed into
four groups with six animals each in a randomized block design. Control (C) group
were not supplemented with any feed additive, T1 group were supplemented with
herbal feed additive (Fennel + CLO; @ 1.0% of DMI), T2 groups were supplemented
with sulfate @ 0.075% of DMI, and group T3 were supplemented with diet containing
herbal feed additive (Fennel + CLO; @ 1.0% of DMI in 40:60 ratio) and sulfate @
0.075% of DMI. Basal diet offered to experimental groups consists of 40%
concentrate and 60% wheat straw daily. Body weight and dry matter intake were
recorded fortnightly. Overall body weight, DMI (kg/day), TDN intake (g/kg W0.75)
and DCP intake (g/kg W0.75) were similar in treatment as well as control group.
Nutrient digestibility and digestible nutrient intake were not impacted by
supplementation of either herbal feed additive or sulfate supplementation. ADG were
similar in all groups. FCR were not significantly different between control and
treatment groups. Haematological parameters like haemoglobin concentration and
PCV values did not differ among the all four groups. Overall plasma glucose,
triacylglycerol and cholestrol concentration were similar among all groups. Plasma
total protein, albumin, BUN, ALT, AST, bilirubin and creatinine were found similar
in all treatment and control groups. Plasma SOD was also similar in all groups. Total
antioxidant concentation show no significant difference between control and
treatment groups. There is no effect on the rumen pH and the volatile fatty acid
concentration of dietary treatments. Protozoal population decreases significantly in
the herbal feed additive supplemented group T1 as compared to control, T2 and T3.
Total bacteria, fungi and Fibrobacter Succinogenes population were similar among all
the groups. Sulfate reducing bacteria is significantly higher in the sulfate treated
group T2 as compared to control, T1 and T3. CMCase and avicelase, urease activities
are significantly higher in T2 as compared to control, T1 and T3 whereas amylase,
beta gulucosidase, xylanase activity were similar in all the four groups. It may be
concluded that supplementation of herbal feed additive (Fennel + CLO; @ 1.0% of
DMI) may be used in high roughage based ration due to its inhibitory effect on
protozoa and supplementation of sulphate may improve the fibre digestion in the
cattle calves.
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