Evaluation of Momordica spp. for bioactive components and antidiabetic potential
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Date
2022
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Punjab Agricultural University
Abstract
The present study evaluated antidiabetic potential of bioactive components from immature fruits (60 genotypes) of Momordica spp. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. The fruit and its parts; epicarp, mesocarp, endocarp, and seeds were evaluated for biochemicals. PAUBG-407 possessed higher phenolics, fiber components, carotenoids, saponins, macro and microminerals; PAUBG-195 (alkaloids); PAUBG-130 (ascorbic acid and tocopherols); PAUBG-218 (proteins) and Punjab-15 (most bioactives). Whole fruit was rich in many bioactives. Charantin, soluble dietary fiber and momordicin-II were purified from whole fruits of PAUBG-407 while vicine and momordicin-I were purified from whole fruit of PAUBG- 195 and PAUBG-89, respectively and characterized on NMR and FT-IR. Their antidiabetic potential was evaluated in 7-8 week old rats, orally administered bioactives @100mg/kg b.w, daily for 4 weeks. Nine groups were made; normal (), untreated diabetic (II), diabetic + (metformin (I), charantin (IV), SDF (V), vicine (VI), momordicin-I (VII), momordicin-II (V), and diabetic+ all bioactives mixed in equal ratio (IX)). Their effect was assessed weekly and at 4 weeks (some parameters). Fasting and random blood glucose; kidney and Iiver CAT, SOD, GPx, GST, GSH. and TBARS: KFT (urea, creatinine, uric acid, Na', K and Ca); LFT (bilirubin. direct and indirect bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, ALP, total protein, albumin and globulin): plasma insulin, Hb and HbAl c; serum lipid profile (TC, TG, VLDL, DL and LDL), hepatic enzymes- hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-6-
phosphatase; histological aberrations observed in liver, kidney, pancreas and brain improved SIgnificantly (p<0.0001) in diabetic rats treated with all bioactives but highly with momordicin-II and bjoactive mixture. PAUBG-407 may be used in improvement programmes generating antidiabetic karela. Future plans may envisage in testing antidiabetic potential of f targeted bioactives or use of targeted advanced line in diabetic human subjects.
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Singla, Diksha (2022). Evaluation of Momordica spp. for bioactive components and antidiabetic potential (Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.