Studies on phytochemicals and antioxidant potential of Siris (Albizia lebbeck)
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Date
2022-08
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to analyse the phytochemicals and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Siris
(Albizia lebbeck) stem bark, leaves and seed grown at Research farm, Department of Forestry, Chaudhary Charan
Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Proximate composition; chemical analysis; mineral analysis;
phytochemical parameters and antioxidant activity were determined. Stem bark moisture content (7.50%), ash
(3.44%), crude protein (4.67%), crude fat (11.75%), crude fiber (3.10%), total carbohydrate (69.54%), Fe content
(19.44 ppm), Zn content (13.69 ppm), Mn content (1.12 ppm), Cu content (0.16 ppm), tannins (9.51 mg/g), alkaloids
(1.84%). In leaves, moisture content (10.53%), ash (6.97%), crude protein (21.10%), crude fat (15.48%), crude fiber
(3.86%), total carbohydrates (42.06%), Fe content (7.90 ppm), Zn content (17.56 ppm), Mn content (1.25 ppm), Cu
content (0.36 ppm), tannins (6.58 mg/g), alkaloids (1.35%). In seed, moisture content (3.88%), ash (4.47%), crude
protein (29.48%), crude fat (8.81%), crude fiber (6.53%), total carbohydrates (46.83%), Fe content (2.68 ppm), Zn
content (7.53 ppm), Mn content (0.40 ppm), Cu content (2.81 ppm), tannins (5.99 mg/g), alkaloids (0.76%). Total
phenolics (mg GAE/g) found for stem bark in methanol (219.38) was obtained to be higher followed by aqueous
(161.99) and ethyl acetate (9.75) whereas in leaves total phenolics, in methanol (87.24) was found to be higher further
followed by aqueous (53.32) and ethyl acetate (2.03); and in seed total phenolics, in aqueous (9.09) was found to be
higher further followed by methanol (3.64) and ethyl acetate (1.41). Total flavonoids (mg CE/g) for stem bark in
methanol (42.21) was found to be higher followed by aqueous (19.89) and ethyl acetate (6.70) whereas in leaves,
total flavonoids was found highest in methanol (10.61) followed by aqueous (8.20) and ethyl acetate (0.90); and in
seed total flavonoids, in aqueous (4.52) was found to be higher followed by methanol (1.09) and ethyl acetate (0.40).
In stem bark, DPPH free radical scavenging activity was higher in methanol ranges from 24.43 to 92.53% (IC50 8.83
μg/mL) at concentration level from 1.56 to 50 μg/mL followed by aqueous ranges from 4.91 to 91.82% (IC50 15.12
μg/mL) at concentration level from 1.56 to 50 μg/mL and ethyl acetate ranges from 13.63 to 89.89% (IC50 936.71
μg/mL) at concentration level from 100 to 2000 μg/mL. In leaves, DPPH free radical scavenging activity was higher
in methanol ranges from 16.48 to 82.51% (IC50 39.03 μg/mL) at concentration level from 6.25 to 100 μg/mL followed
by aqueous ranges from 9.71 to 79.96% (IC50 49.74 μg/mL) at concentration level from 6.25 to 100 μg/mL and ethyl
acetate ranges from 2.28 to 85.23% (IC50 2170.73 μg/mL) at concentration level from 100 to 5000 μg/mL. In seeds,
DPPH free radical scavenging activity was higher in aqueous ranges from 6.89 to 71.07 % (IC50 1833.33 μg/mL) at
concentration level from 100 to 2000 μg/mL followed by methanol ranges from 2.35 to 78.61% (IC50 900 μg/mL) at
concentration level from 100 to 5000 μg/mL and ethyl acetate ranges from 1.34 to 88.01% (IC50 2411.76 μg/mL) at
concentration level from 100 to 5000 μg/mL. Methanol was found to possess higher amount of total phenolics, total
flavonoids and DPPH free radical scavenging activity for stem bark and leaves; and in seeds aqueous extract was
found to possess higher amount of total phenolics, total flavonoids and DPPH free radical scavenging activity.
Among plant parts, stem bark possess higher amount of total phenolics, total flavonoids and DPPH free radical
scavenging activity than leaves and seeds. Therefore, methanol extract of stem bark and leaves; and aqueous extract
of seed was found to be best natural antioxidant which plays a great role to improve the human health ailments
against the free radicals to combat the oxidative stress.