EFFECT OF CHLOROPHYTUM BORIVILIANUM SUPPLEMENTATION ON BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE, HORMONES AND PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF CATTLE
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Date
2020
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Publisher
ICAR-NDRI, KARNAL
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out on Chlorophytum borivilianum (CB)
supplementation effect as heat stress ameliorator and immunomodulator in Tharparkar
(TP) and Karan Fries (KF) cows. CB was supplemented at low (40 mg/kg bwt/day) and
high dose (80 mg/kg bwt/day) during hot-humid (HH) and hot-dry (HD) season. The
parameters like physiological responses, milk yield, DMI and body weight were recorded
and milk composition, gene expression, hormones and energy metabolites were
estimated. Second experiment was conducted during thermoneutral condition to isolate
the effect of reduced DMI during HH season or high ambient temperature effect. The data
on milk production performance, dry matter intake and physiological responses were
recorded. THI was calculated to assess the level of heat stress on animals. Body weight of
KF and TP cows during HD and HH season did not varied. CB supplementation in higher
dose (80 mg/kg bwt) increased DMI (per 100 kg bwt) (p<0.01) in KF and TP cows during
both the seasons, however, milk yield did not declined in HD season. The
supplementation of CB in high dose increased the milk yield, milk fat, protein,
plasminogen and decreased SCC in comparison to low dose. Further, ratio of SFAs:UFAs
was significantly reduced (p<0.01) due to CB in both the seasons. However, higher SFAs
and lower UFAs (p<0.01) were found in milk of KF cows in comparison to TP.
Physiological responses viz. RR, PR, RT and skin temperatures (Forehead, neck, rear
body and udder) were significantly lower (p<0.01) in TP cows in comparison to KF cows
and decreased by CB treatment in both the seasons. Thermal imaging analysis of skin
temperature at various sites was higher (p<0.01) in the afternoon in comparison to
morning in KF and TP cows. Plasma Glucose was lower and NEFA, Urea and creatinine
level was higher during both the seasons and declined at high dose than low dose.
Plasma cortisol and prolactin level were higher (p<0.01) in HH than HD season in KF and
TP cows. CB at higher dose reduced (p<0.01) plasma cortisol in both the breeds without
affecting insulin and aldosterone levels. Plasma SOD, catalase, TBARS were higher in
both the seasons in KF and TP cows and CB in high dose reduced (p<0.01) their levels
and improved TAC. The CB supplementation downregulated (p<0.01) mRNA expression
of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL1-β) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL10) in
both breeds during HD and HH season. However, effect of higher dose was more (p<0.01)
than lower dose. Pairfed experiment revealed no effect of adjusted DMI on milk yield in
thermoneutral conditions in comparison to HH season in which milk yield and DMI
declined (p<0.01) indicating adverse effect of high temperature on milk yield. It can be
concluded that higher dose (80mg/kg bwt) significantly reduced plasma energy
metabolites, circulatory levels of stress hormones, and augmented the immunity of
crossbred and Indigenous cows by downregulating the proinflammatory and
antiinflammatory cytokines in comparison to lower dose (40mg/kg bwt) without any
adverse effect. Chlorophytum borivilianum @ 80mg/kg bwt could be used as effective heat
stress ameliorator and immunomodulator in dairy animals.