PATHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CANINE PARVO VIRUS INFECTION IN DOGS
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Date
2021
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Abstract
The present study was conducted to find out pathology of canine parvo viral
infection in immune and non immune dogs, localization of CPV antigen in different
organs of immune and non immune dogs using immunohistochemistry and confocal
microscopy and to determine optimum time for vaccination against CPV in pups
based on the maternally derived antibody decay pattern.
Fifty dogs with suspected clinical signs of vomition and bloody diarrhoea
were subjected to CPV infection diagnosis and all the 50 dogs were showed
positivity for CPV infection by conventional PCR with expression of 535 bp CPV
VP2 gene. Overall prevalence percentage was 100 % with 30 dogs (60%) were
vaccinated and 20 dogs (40%) were unvaccinated. Age and sex wise incidence
showed no significant difference between vaccinated and unvaccinated dogs. Age
wise incidence of CPV infection showed numerically higher positivity in below 2
months vaccinated (n=17; 56.66%) than above 2 months vaccinated dogs (n=13;
43.11%). Among 20 unvaccinated dogs, below 2 months age dogs (n=12; 60%)
showed numerically higher positivity than above 2 months (n=8; 40%). Male
vaccinated dogs (n=17; 56.66%) showed numerically higher positivity than female
vaccinated dogs (n=13; 43.33%) whereas in unvaccinated dogs, male dogs (n=12;
60%) showed numerical higher incidence than female dogs (n=8; 40%) in the sex
wise incidence study.
Highly significant (p<0.01) difference was observed between vaccinated and
unvaccinated dogs in the breed wise incidence. Highly significant higher incidence
was observed in unvaccinated native breeds (n=18; 90%) than vaccinated native
breeds (n=10; 33.33%) and similar higher incidence was observed in vaccinated
exotic breeds (n=20; 66.66 %) than unvaccinated exotic breeds (n=2;10%).
Vaccinated exotic breeds (n=20; 66.66 %) showed highly significant (p< 0.01)
higher incidence than vaccinated native breeds (n=10; 33.33%) while highly
significant (p< 0.01) higher incidence was observed in unvaccinated native breeds
(n= 18; 90 %) than unvaccinated exotic breeds (n=2; 10%) in the CPV infection.
Unvaccinated native dogs {n=18; 90%) were showed higher positivity of CPV
infection than exotic Labrador retriever dogs (n=2;10%). Among 20 exotic breeds in
vaccinated dogs, the higher incidence was recorded in Doberman (n=6), German
shepherd (n=4), Labrador retriever (n=3), Beagle (n=2), Huski (n=l), and Pitbull
(n=l) respectively.