Trichoderma mediated seed biopriming against Fusarium wilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Sacc.) Snyder and Hansen
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Date
2023-08-10
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Abstract
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L. Krust) is one of the prominent vegetable
crop grown all over the world. Various number of diseases attacks on the crop
and casuing huge amount of loss. Among them, Fusarium wilt of tomato
caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Sacc) W.C. Snyder and H.N.
Hansen (1940) is one of the most destructive and economically important
disease of tomato causing 30-40 % losses in the country. There are various
method of management of this disease available that include cultural, chemical
and biological methods and use of resistance varieties. A new approach of seed
biopriming was made to investigate the effect of antagonistic microbes
Trichoderma spp. on tomato plant growth, physiological parameters and
defense mechanism in response to plant challenged with wilt pathogen
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. Tomato seed biopriming with bio-agents
was found to have synergistic effect on seed germination, shoot/root length,
shoot/root fresh and dry weight etc. The disease severity of Fusarium wilt in
tomato plants was also reduced when seeds were primed with different spp. of
bio-agents representing 15.43 to 8.81 % against 16.38% in case of control
compared to control. However the minimum disease severity was recorded in
the T2 treatment, [seed primed with Trichoderma harzianum (VAN)] with the
value of 7.32, 8.65 and 10.46 per cent at 30, 60 and 90 days age of plant,
respectively. The maximum germination percentage, the maximum shoot
length and root length was recorded in the treatment T2 where seed is primed
with Trichoderma harzianum (VAN) with the value of 95.41% ,48.32 cm and
35.24 cm, respectively.
Similarly the maximum dry matter weight of shoot (17.24 g) and root (3.48
gm) was also recorded in T2 treatment, seed primed with Trichoderma
harzianum (VAN), similary fresh shoot weight (85.52 g) and root weight
(24.52 g) was recorded in the same treatment. Yield is another important
parameter of crop production. The maximum yield was recorded per plant in T2
treatment where treatment was given as seed primed with Trichoderma
harzianum (VAN) with the value 1102.80 g per plant.