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CSA University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur
The Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur is recognized today as the premier institution of agricultural research and education in India. It dates back to 1893 when a small school was started to impart training to revenue officers. It rose step by step to the full-fledged Government Agriculture College (1906). The U.P. Institute of Agricultural Sciences (1969) and finally to the C.S. Azad University of Agriculture & Technology in 1975. The University was created with the merger of its two constituent colleges, the erstwhile Government Agriculture College, Kanpur and U.P. College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Mathura.
csa-buildingThe present status of the University was attained through phases of growth of its constituent colleges. At present, there are eight college in the University, viz., College of Agriculture ,College of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Home Science at Kanpur and College Engineering & Technology,College of Dairy Technology and College of Fishries at Etawah,College of Agriculture at Lakheempur. The University caters to the needs of the farming community spread over 29 districts of six divisions of Uttar Pradesh.
The climate of the jurisdiction area varies from sub-humid and semi-desert to semi-arid conditions prevailing in different districts. Soils are mostly represented by vast expanse of the alluvial developed from the river Ganga and its major tributaries. However, the soils of the Central Plateau are coarse loamy, sandy, red (Raker and Parwa) and black (Kaber and Mar). Wheat, Barley, Rice, Maize, Sugarcane, Gram, Pigeon pea, Lentil, Soybean, Potato, Mustard and vegetables are the main crops of this locality.
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ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PLANT GROWTH PROMOTERS ON PERFORMANCE OF WHEAT VARIETIES (Triticum aestivum L.)(2024-11-21) Prateek Saxena; Dr V K VermaThe present investigation entitled "Effect of organic and inorganic plant growth promoters on performance of wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.)" was carried out during Rabi season of 2022-23 at Students' Instructional Farm of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur. The experiment was designed with two factors: wheat varieties in the main plots and plant growth promoters (PGPs) in the sub- plots. Two wheat varieties, namely DBW-187 and PBW-723, were chosen for the main plot, while for the sub-plots, plant growth promoters were utilized. These included inorganic plant growth promoters like micronutrients (Zn, Fe, B, Cu) @ 0.5% concentration and nitrobenzene at 3 ml L-1, as well as organic plant growth promoters such as gibberellic acid at 2000 ppm, seaweed extract liquid at 625 ml ha-1, seaweed extract solid at 25 kg ha-1, UPL Macarena (Fermented extract nutrient 15%) at 625 ml ha-1, Humesol (humic acid 18%, fulvic acid 15%) @ 1250 ml ha-1, and Amino Booster G (30% amino acid solution) @ 5ml L-1. These treatments were compared with a control treatment. The experiment was arranged in a Split Plot Design with a total of 18 treatment combinations, each replicated three times. The impact of treatments was assessed on growth characteristics, yield attributes, yield, and economic factors of various wheat varieties. Among them, the wheat variety DBW- 187 exhibited superior growth, yield attributes, with a grain yield of 4601.8 kg ha-1, and a harvest index of 39.50%, surpassing other variety. In terms of economic parameters, this variety demonstrated the highest gross income (Rs.154733.00), net income (Rs.104774.90), and B: C ratio (3.09) compared to other variety. The findings concerning plant growth promoters revealed that a blend of micronutrients (Zn, Fe, B, Cu) at 0.5% concentration resulted in the maximum plant height (86.55 cm), crop growth rate (0.243 g m-2 day-1), at 45 to 90 DAS, number of tillers (425.13 m-2) at maturity, test weight (39.82 g), grain yield (4572.17 kg ha-1), straw yield (7072.20 kg ha-1), harvest index (39.87%). On economic parameters micronutrients (Zn, Fe, B, and Cu) recorded maximum gross income (Rs.154665.25 ha-1), net income (Rs.104280.40ha-1)andB:Cratio(3.06).ThesisItem Open Access Studies on the Effect of Neem Botanicals on Seed Longevity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during Storage under Ambient Conditions(2024-11-21) Uttkarsh Pratap Singh; Dr C L MauryaThe present investigation entitled "Studies on the Effect of Neem Botanicals on Seed Longevity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during Storage under Ambient Conditions" was undertaken to find out the efficacy of insecticides, seed germination, seedling growth and vigour. The experiment was carried out at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur during 2023-24. Seeds of wheat var. PBW-723 were treated with T1 (Neemazal T/S @ 25 ppm), T2 (Neemazal T/S @ 50 ppm), T3 (Neemazal T/S @ 75 ppm), T4 (Neemoz-Gold @ 25 ppm), T5 (Neemoz-Gold @ 50 ppm), T6 (Neemoz-Gold @ 75 ppm), T7 (Deltamethrin @ 1.0 ppm (0.1 ml/Kg seed)) and T8 (Untreated Control). The experiment was conducted in Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Observations were recorded and analysed for germination at first count, standard germination, shoot length, root length, total seedling length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index-I (SVI), seedling vigour index-II (SVII), peak value, mean daily germination, germination value and relative growth index. The ANOVA showed that treatments had significant effect on all the parameters studied. Among all the treatments, Neemoz-Gold @ 75 ppm expressed significantly best performance in germination at first count (87%), standard germination (87.66%), seedling length (20.10 cm), seedling dry weight (0.289 g), seed vigour index-I (1762.61), seed vigour index-II (25.34), peak value (43.83), mean daily germination (10.95), germination value (479.93), relative growth index (99.23) and insect mortality percent of lesser grain borer (Rhizopertha dominica L.) on the 3rd day (53.30%), 7th day (66.60%) and 15th day (80.00%) while minimum seed infestation per cent (2.99%) and seed moisture content (9.63%) at 12 months of storage followed by Deltamethrin at 0.04 ml/kg.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF ENTOMOPATHOGENS AND INERT DUST ON STORAGE INSECT PEST AND SEED QUALITY DURING STORAGE OF FIELD PEA (Pisum sativum L.) UNDER AMBIENT CONDITIONS(2024-11-21) Pankaj Kumar; Dr C L MauryaAn experiment was carried out to find out the efficacy of insecticides based on seed germination, seedling growth and vigour, seed infestation and mortality of pulse beetle. The experiment was comprised of eight treatments such as, T1- Beauvaria bassiana @10 gm/kg seed, T2- Beauvaria bassiana @ 20 gm/kg seed, T3- Metarhizium anisoplice @ 10 gm/kg seed, T4- Metarhizium anisoplice @ 20 gm/kg Seed, T5- Beauvaria bassiana @ 10 gm/kg + Diatomaceous earth 5 gm/kg seed, T6- Beauvaria bassiana @ 20 gm/kg + Diatomaceous earth 5 gm/kg seed, T7- Metarhizium anisoplice @ 10gm/kg + Diatomaceous earth 5 gm/kg seed, T8- Metarhizium anisoplice @ 20 gm/kg + Diatomaceous earth 5 gm/kg seed, T9- Deitramethrin @ 1ppm and T10- Untreated Control with 3 replications adopting the Completely Randomized Design to assess the seed quality parameters. This study was conducted in the Seed testing laboratory of Department of Seed Science and Technology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) during Rabi season of 2022-2023. Observations were recorded and analysed for germination at first and final count, peak value, mean daily germination, germination value, relative growth index, seed moisture content, shoot length, root length, total seedling length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index-I (SV-I), seedling vigour index-II (SV-II), insect infestation and mortality. The data recorded on different characters was subjected to statistical analysis for CRD design. Results obtained from the experiment revealed that T6 treatment was significantly superior over untreated control and other treatments for germination (first count), standard germination (final count), peak value of germination, mean daily germination, germination value, relative growth index, seed moisture content, shoot length, root length, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour index-I, vigour index-II, seed infestation (seed damage %) and insect mortality. The second best treatment after T6 was Metarhizium anisoplice @ 20 gm/kg + Diatomaceous earth 5 gm/kg seed (T8) whereas the lowest results for the characters studied were recorded in case of untreated control (T10). So it could be concluded that Beauvaria bassiana @ 20 gm/kg + Diatomaceous earth 5 gm/kg seed is suitable for prolonging the longevity of field pea seeds under ambient storage conditions and also preserving seed quality for extended storage periods.ThesisItem Open Access DEVELOPMENT OF WHEY BEVERAGE USING SWEET LIME (Citrus limetta) FRUIT JUICE(2024-11-21) Aditya Kamal; Dr Ram Ji GuptaThe present research entitled, “Development of Whey Beverage using Sweet Lime Fruit Juice.” was carried out in the laboratory of Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, CSAUAT Kanpur. In an experiment, four different concentrations of Sweet Lime Fruit Juice (15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) were tested along with three levels of sugar (8%, 10%, and 12%), with each combination replicated three times. The objective was to analyze the effects of these variables on the sensory qualities—such as flavor, color and appearance, sweetness, and overall acceptability—as well as the proximate qualities, including moisture, fat, protein, lactose, sucrose, and ash content, of a Sweet Lime Fruit Juice-based whey beverage. The whey drink was prepared using the specified levels of Sweet Lime Fruit Juice and sugar, and the fresh samples were assessed for both their sensory and proximate qualities. Additionally, the cost of production was calculated. The results indicated that the best sensory quality was achieved with a combination of 20% Sweet Lime Fruit Juice and 10% sugar, evaluated immediately after preparation (0-day storage). The cost of producing the Sweet Lime Fruit Juice-based whey beverage, using 20% Sweet Lime Fruit Juice and 10% sugar, was determined to be Rs 50.00 per 30 ml. This formulation was judged to be the best by sensory evaluation panelists.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF NEEM BOTANICALSON SEED LONGEVITY OF FIELD PEA (Pisum sativum L.) DURING STORAGE UNDER AMBIENT CONDITIONS(2024-11-21) Abhishek Dwivedi; Dr C L MauryaThe present investigation entitled "Studies on the Effect of Neem Botanicals on Seed Longevity of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) during Storage under Ambient Conditions" was undertaken to find out the efficacy of insecticides, seed germination, seedling growth and vigour. The experiment was carried out at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur during 2023-24. Seeds of field pea var. KPMR 522 were treated with T1 (Neemazal T/S @ 25 ppm), T2 (Neemazal T/S @ 50 ppm), T3 (Neemazal T/S @ 75 ppm), T4 (Neemoz-Gold @ 25 ppm), T5 (Neemoz-Gold @ 50 ppm), T6 (Neemoz-Gold @ 75 ppm), T7 (Deltamethrin @ 1.0 ppm (0.04 ml/Kg seed)) and T8 (Untreated Control). The experiment was conducted in Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Observations were recorded and analysed for germination at first count, standard germination, shoot length, root length, total seedling length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index-I (SVI), seedling vigour index-II (SVII), peak value, mean daily germination, germination value and relative growth index. The ANOVA showed that treatments had significant effect on the all parameters studied. Among all the treatments, Neemoz-Gold @ 75 ppm expressed significantly best performance in germination at first count (64.67%), standard germination (82.33%), seedling length (16.93 cm), seedling dry weight (1.97 g), seed vigour index-I (1439.05), seed vigour index-II (167.45), peak value (13.72), mean daily germination (10.29), germination value (141.21), relative growth index (78.50) and insect mortality per cent of pulse beetles (Callosobruchus chinensis L.) on the 3rd day (43.33%), 7th day (56.67%) and 15th day (66.67%) while minimum Seed infestation per cent (2.89%) and Seed moisture content (8.89%) at 12 months of storage followed by Deltamethrin @0.04 ml/kg.ThesisItem Open Access The role of cow urine and its antiseptic properties(2024-11-21) Om Ji CA - 12274/2022; Dr Ved PrakashThe present study is based on the role and antiseptic value of cow urine at C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology Kanpur Uttar Pradesh, traditionally in various cultures, especially in Indian Ayurvedic medicine, cow urine is considered to have antiseptic properties. It is believed to contain antimicrobial compounds that can inhibit the growth of certain bacteria and fungi. The role of cow urine as an anticeptic is often highlighted in its medicinal value. Cow pee has long been used in traditional Indian medicine, especially in Ayurveda, where its purported antibacterial and therapeutic qualities are appreciated. The historical use, chemical makeup, and alleged antibacterial activity of cow urine are all examined in this thesis. It critically assesses recent scientific studies on these claims while delving into traditional uses including immune system support, detoxification, and wound healing. Early research suggests some antibacterial effects, but in order to confirm these claims and investigate their applicability in contemporary medicine, extensive clinical trials are required. By providing a thorough review of the antibacterial qualities of cow urine and its possible medical uses, this research aims to bring traditional wisdom and scientific examination into harmony.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF COWS IN THE VILLAGES OF SARENI BLOCK IN RAEBARELI DISTRICT OF UTTAR PRADESH(2024-11-21) Gyanendra Singh; Dr P K UpadhyayThe present study was conducted entitled “Study on Nutritional Status Cows in the Villages of Sareni Block of District Raebareli of Uttar Pradesh”. The study was conducted in the Raebareli district of Uttar Pradesh. There are18 Blocks in Basti district; out of them, one Block Sareni was selected randomly. In Sareni block ten villages namely Dulapur, Madakhera, Nisgar, Ranikhera, Bhojpur, Nibi, Dudhwan, Raipur, Govindpur, Bahadurpur were selected randomly. Required data is being collected from selected villages. A total of 145 farmers were selected for the study using multi-stage proportionate random sampling. The sample includes 34 large farmers, 46 small farmers, 42 marginal farmers, and 23 landless farmers. The data was collected through the personal interview by using a structured interview schedule by the researcher himself. The collected data were processed and analyzed by applying appropriate statistical tools. Data were collected on various aspects of cow nutrition, including the average amount of green fodder, dry matter, dry fodder, wheat bran, and mustard cake provided to cows daily by different categories of farmers across various villages. Additionally, the study assessed milk yield per cow per day. Key findings highlight significant differences in the quantity and quality of feed provided by different farmer categories, with large farmers typically offering more diverse and substantial nutritional inputs compared to smaller and landless farmers. These insights aim to provide practical recommendations for improving livestock nutrition and productivity, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions based on farmer categories. The research contributes valuable information to the broader discourse on agricultural practices and livestock management in rural India, offering potential pathways for enhancing the sustainability and efficiency of dairy farming in the region.ThesisItem Open Access TO STUDY THE FEEDING PRACTICES OF MILCH BUFFALOES IN BILHAUR BLOCK OF DISTRICT KANPUR NAGAR (U.P.)(2024-11-21) Siddhant Kumar; Dr P K UpadhyayThe present investigation entitled, "To study the feeding practices of milch buffaloes in Bilhaur block of district Kanpur Nagar (U.P.)" was undertaken during the year 2022-23. Milching buffaloes are now emerging as dairy animals for their high milk and fat production, which provide a continuous flow of income to the respondents. Feeding, milking and health care management are the important factors, which always affected the milk production of mulch buffaloes. Samples of 200 respondents were randomly selected from ten villages from Bilhaur block of district Kanpur. Simple tabular techniques were used to ascertain the results of the study. The required information for study from the selected respondents was collected by personals interview with the respondents to accomplish the objectives of the study. The present study revealed that highest 61.50 per cent of respondents belong to middle age category and about 36.50 and 19.50 per cent respondents educated up to primary and secondary level, respectively. 55.5 per cent of respondents with small land holding. Majority of the farmers 60.00 per cent had small herd size followed by medium size 27.50 per cent. The following conclusions were drawn on the basis of present study. Findings of this study revealed that the most of buffalo owners involved in dairying were from middle age group mostly literates and having small to medium family, The milch buffalo owners have semi stall feeding pattern, individual feeding, grazing on common pasture lands etc. were followed, with respect to milking management they followed twice milking, knuckling method of milking and other milking management, The maximum adoption level of improved management practices followed by buffalo owners were observed in milking followed by healthcare, breeding and least in feeding, The overall constraints faced by the farmers were feeding followed by breeding, socio economic, health care and least in milking.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECTOF ZINC AND IRON ON SOIL HEALTH, GROWTH AND YIELD OF CHICKPEA CROP (Cicerarietnum)(2024-11-21) Madhuri Gupta; Dr Sanjeev SharmaThe field experiment was conducted to assess the “Effect of Zinc and Iron on Soil Health, Growth and Yield of Chickpea (Cicerarietinum L.) var. KWR108” on Microplot Field of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, CSA University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three levels of Zinc and Iron (00%,50%and100%) and Recommended Dose of Fertilizer applied in all treatments. The results showed that the soil properties, growth and yield of Chickpea were significantly affected by application of Zinc and Iron. The results suggest that the combined application of Zinc and Iron with RDF can improve soil properties.
