STATUS OF TOXIC METAL CONTAMINANTS AND THEIR BIOREMEDIATION IN INDUSTRIAL AREAS OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
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Date
2022-11
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UHF,NAUNI
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present investigation entitled “Status of toxic metal contaminants and their
bioremediation in industrial areas of Himachal Pradesh” was conducted during 2019-2021 in the
Department of Environmental Science, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry,
Nauni Solan H.P. The study showed the status of seven toxic metals that detected from soil and
wastewater from industrial contaminated areas. The concentrations of identified heavy metals in soil
were in the range of Fe (2.067 – 8.433 mg kg-1) > Zn (0.300 – 6.800 mg kg-1) > Ni (0.633 – 1.633 mg
kg-1) > Cu (0.367 – 1.300 mg kg-1) > Cr (0.333 – 1.133 mg kg-1) > Pb (0.333 – 1.033 mg kg-1) and Cd
(0.133 – 0.567 mg kg-1). The metals that detected from wastewater samples were observed in range
of; Zn (2.676 – 9.000 mg l-1) > Fe (5.333 – 8.967 mg l-1) > Cu (0.133 – 2.000 mg l-1) > Ni (0.300 –
1.900 mg l-1) > Cr (0.667 – 1.500 mg l-1) > Pb (0.200 – 1.400 mg l-1) and Cd (0.133 – 0.900 mg l-1).
For recovery of bacteria from the soil and wastewater samples, a total of eight Colonies were isolated
on the basis of different morphological features from the mixed cultures and then colonies were sub
cultured in order to obtain pure colonies. These colonies were then grown on nutrient agar containing
different molarities of salts of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Ni). The highest concentration of each
heavy metal at which the growth was observed was Pb (7-10ppm), Cu (7-10ppm), Cu (5-10ppm), and
Ni (7-10ppm). The best five bacteria having multiple tolerances were identified as Lysinibacillus
sphaericus, Bacillus altitudinis, Exiguabacterium acetylium, Planomicrobium akaeonokites, and
Paenibacillus pinisoli on the basis of partial nucleotide sequencing of amplicons of their 16S rDNA
technique showed a greater potential application for the removal of lead, at 1ppm all isolates were
able to remove up to (99- 100%), and at 10 ppm (55- 91%). For Cadmium, at 1ppm all isolates were
able to remove up to (98- 100%), and at 10 ppm (52- 68%). For Nickel, at 1ppm all isolates were able
to remove up to (95- 100%), and at 10 ppm (52- 68%). For Copper, at 1ppm all isolates were able to
remove up to (97- 99%), and at 10 ppm (42- 63%). The results revealed that all the putative strains
showed maximum growth at a pH of 9. Results also revealed that 37℃ is the best temperature for
their maximum growth.