Components of variation, correlation and path analysis for seed yield and its contributing characters in soybean [glycine max (l.) merrill]
Loading...
Date
2022-09
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out with the objectives to assess the genetic variability, inter- character correlation and the direct and indirect effects on seed yield per plant in advance lines of soybean taken an account of thirteen component characters. The experiment was conducted at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India, during kharif, 2021. Twenty soybean genotypes including four check varieties (PS 1092, PS 1347, PS 24 and PS 26) grown in a randomized block design with four replications. High significant difference was found among treatment for all the characters under study indicating the presence of sufficient amount of genetic variability among the experimental material. The value of Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher as compared to genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) as well as environmental coefficient of variation (ECV) for all the character studied. The seed yield per plant reported the highest value of Phenotypic coefficient of variation (33.81 %) as well as genotypic coefficient of variation (31.81 %). Biological yield per plant exhibited maximum heritability (91%). High heritability values were also observed for basal node height, basal pod height, seed yield per plant, hundred seed weight, number of primary branches per plant, harvest index, number of pods per plant, plant height and protein content. The genetic advance varied from 0.11 % (harvest index) to 28.66 % (pod per plant). Genetic advance as per cent of mean (5%), exhibited highest value for seed yield per plant (61.34 %). The majority of the characters under study including number of primary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, basal pod height, basal node height, hundred seed weight, biological yield per plant (g), harvest index (%), and seed yield per plant (g) exhibited high values of heritability along with high estimates of genetic advance as per cent mean. Which showed the presence of additive gene action. In general, Genotypic correlations coefficient (rg) reported greater value than phenotypic correlations coefficient (rp). Directions of phenotypic and genotypic correlations coefficient were almost same for all the character combinations. seed yield per plant showed significant positive phenotypic and genotypic correlation with day to 90 % maturity, primary branch per plant, pod per plant, seed per pod, biological yield per plant, hundred seed weight and harvest index. Yield attributes with positive correlation coefficient can be used as selection criteria to improve the yield. Day to 90% maturity, primary branches per plant, pod per plant, biological yield per plant and harvest index exhibits highly significant positive correlation as well as positive direct effect on seed yield per plant. The positive and significant association of these traits with seed yield per plant and positive direct effect of these traits towards the yield revealed that there is true relationship between these characters and the direct selection for these component traits will bring an improvement in the seed yield per plant, the dependent variable. Hence more emphasis should be given to these traits for improvement of seed yield per plant in soybean through selection programme.