HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ECLIPTA PROSTRATA (L.) L. LEAVES ON EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED AFLATOXICOSIS IN BROILER CHICKEN
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Date
2018-11-30
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY
Abstract
The study was aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of E.
prostrata (Kayyonni) leaf powder on experimentally induced aflatoxicosis in
broiler chicken. The leaf powder was subjected to preliminary phytochemical
screening to find out the active principles present in it.
Aflatoxin was produced in maize using the culture Aspergillus flavus
NRRL 6513. The maize culture powder yielded 143.48 ppm of aflatoxin. This
mouldy maize was incorporated in experimental feed to arrive 500 ppb of
aflatoxin.
Sixty Cobb400 day old broiler chicks weighing 50 ± 5 g were randomly
divided into six groups comprising 10 birds in each group. The birds were
maintained under deep litter system and provided with ad libitum water and feed
throughout the experimental period. All the birds were vaccinated as per the
standard schedule. Aflatoxicosis was experimentally induced in all groups except
T1 and T3 by giving 500 ppb of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) from eighth day of age
onwards. The group T1 was kept as normal control and T2 as toxic control. T3 was
fed with E. prostata leaf powder at 0.2 per cent level. The leaf powder of E.
prostrata was given to T4, T5 and T6 at dose rates of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 per cent
respectivelyBody weight was recorded at weekly intervals and the blood was collected
from the wing vein on days 7, 21 and 42. Serum was separated and used for the
estimation of biochemical parameters such as aspartate transaminase (AST),
creatine kinase (CK), cholesterol and total proteins. On the day 42, all the birds
were sacrificed; detailed post- mortem examination was conducted. Liver samples
were taken to estimate antioxidant parameters such as lipid peroxidation (LPO)
and reduced glutathione (GSH). Representative liver samples were also taken and
preserved with 10 per cent neutral buffered formalin for histopathological
examinationThe preliminary phytochemical screening of E. prostrata leaf powder
revealed the presence of steroid, tannins, flavonoids, diterpenes, tripterpenes and
saponin.Treatment with E. prostrata leaves powder revealed hepatoprotection in
dose dependent manner which is indicated by significant (P<0.05) reduction in the
level of serum AST and increase in the level of cholesterol and total protein. The
oxidative stress induced by aflatoxin in liver was reduced to a great extend as
indicated by the increased level of reduced glutathione and decrease in the lipid
peroxidation. Histopathological examination of liver showed regenerative changes
in a dose dependent manner when compared with that of normal control group.
Thus, it could be concluded that E .prostrata leaf powder had marked antioxidant
and hepatoprotective effect on experimentally induced aflatoxicosis in broiler
chicken
Description
Thesis Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Veterinary Science In Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology