Screening of wheat genotypes for multiple fungal resistance using functional markers
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Date
2021-09
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
In the present study, 58 wheat genotypes were characterized for grain yield, biochemical traits and
functional markers. The wheat genotypes were sown in RBD (Randomized Block Design) design in two
replications in the field of Wheat and Barley Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana
Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana (India) during Rabi, 2019-2020 for the evaluation of ten yield and its
component characters viz. plant height, number of tiller per meter, spike length, number of grain per spike, number
of spikelet per spike, grain yield per meter, biological yield per meter, harvest index and 1000-grain weight. In this
study 58 wheat genotypes were screened for morphological and biochemical traits, showed varied mean range
signifying ample amount of variability present in the wheat genotypes Genetic variability of genotypes was
assessed by PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic advance over mean. The values of GCV were lower than their
corresponding PCV for all the characters studied, indicated the negligible effect of environment on the
development of plants. The maximum value of the GCV & PCV was observed for the grain yield per meter (11.87)
and number of spikelet per spike (16.65). Highest broad sense heritability was recorded for biological yield per
meter (80.92) The positive and significant genotypic correlation for grain yield per meter was found with number
of tillers per meter (0.503), spike length (0.217), number of grains per spike (0.332), biological yield per meter
(0.864), harvest index (0.616). Thus, these component traits may be used in wheat breeding programme for further
improvement in grain yield. For characterization of quality traits, various biochemical attributes were analyzed viz.
total phenolic content, total flavonoids, proline content, glycine betaine, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and
tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL) at vegetative and maturity stages. Total phenolic content range for vegetative stage
is 0.41 to 4.74 mg CE/g and 1.07 to 6.17 mg CE/g in the maturity stage. Total flavonoids range for the vegetative
stage, is 0.30 to 0.97 mg QE/g and 1.07 to 9.18 mg QE/g in the maturity stage. Proline content range for vegetative
stage is 0.07 to 0.45 mg /g and 0.08 to 0.55 mg /g in maturity stage. Glycine betaine range for vegetative stage is
0.59 to 9.59 mg /g DW and 2.67 to 4.24 mg /g DW in the maturity stage. PAL activity range for vegetative stage is
4.15 to 6.23 μmole/h/g and 4.99 to 6.51 μmole/h/g in the maturity stage. TAL activity range for vegetative stage is
1.45 to 12.43 μmole/h/g and 1.74 to 12.10 μmole/h/g in the maturity stage. Total flavonoids content had high GCV
and PCV in biochemical traits. On heritability analysis, Tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL) had higher heritability.
High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was found in characters such as total phenolic content, total
flavonoids content, proline content, glycine betaine and TAL. These characters are recommended in selecting
genotypes for screening for biotic and abiotic stress. For functional marker analysis, a total of 24 functional
markers were used showed amplification. These selected primers are linked with specific fungal disease resistance
gene and amplification of specific primer on wheat genotypes gave the idea of presence of that allele.