Rainfall analysis and irrigation scheduling of different crops in Telhara distributary command area of Maharashtra
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Date
2022-10
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145
Abstract
Soil and water preservation and sustainable development of these resources is one of the fundamental principles for the development of any region. Keeping this view in mind the present study has been conducted in Telhara distributary command area in Akola district of Maharashtra. The statistical analysis of 30 years (1991-2020) rainfall data for weekly, monthly, and yearly were carried out. The expected weekly rainfall at different probability levels was calculated using Weibull’s formula. The drought analysis for weekly, monthly, and yearly were also carried out using different drought Indices. The crop water requirement estimation and irrigation scheduling for major crops grown in study area were also carried out using CROPWAT 8.0. The average annual rainfall of study area was 866 mm. From rainfall probability analysis, it is found that expected rainfall is scarce from the month of November to May at all probability levels. At 70% or above dependable level there is less rainfall from week numbers 41st to 52nd and from 1st to 21st indicates that crop production will not be possible without the irrigation in study area during this period. The SPI and SPEI at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12- month timescale were obtained to analyze the temporal variability of different drought levels. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) used in the calculation of SPEI was computed by the Hargreaves method using minimum and maximum temperature data. The results show that the January, February, March, April, May, July, August and December month of 1991, 1992 was observed as drought periods by both indices for almost all timescale. The net irrigation water requirement and irrigation scheduling of major crops grown in study area were computed on ten-day basis. The net irrigation water requirement of Cotton, Pigeon pea, Maize, wheat, Bengal gram, Onion, Tomato, and Brinjal is 267 mm, 230.5 mm, 36.9 mm, 195.8 mm,123 mm, 321.6 mm, 376.2 mm, and 140.2 mm respectively. The gross water requirement of Cotton, Pigeon pea, Maize, wheat, Bengal gram, Onion, Tomato, and Brinjal is 381.4 mm, 329.28 mm, 52.71 mm, 279.71 mm, 175.71 mm, 459.42 mm, 537.42 mm, and 200 mm respectively. The number of irrigations scheduled for Cotton, Pigeon pea, Maize, wheat, Bengal gram, Onion, Tomato, and Brinjal are 6, 5, 2, 5, 4, 10, 16, and 6 respectively in the command area.