GROSS, HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF WISTAR RAT (Rattus norvegicus)
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Date
2022-04
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
The male reproductive system in the laboratory rat consisted of paired testes
enclosed in the scrotal sacs, epididymis, ductus deferens, urethra and penis. The accessory
sex glands were the ampullary glands, seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral, coagulating
and preputial glands. The paired testes located within the scrotum were two bulges on either side of the
medial aspect of the hind limbs under the skin. The testicular parenchyma showed
numerous convoluted seminiferous tubules of variable sizes composed of stratified
germinal epithelium with various stages of spermatogenetic cycle viz., spermatogonia,
primary and secondary spermatocytes, round and elongated spermatids and spermatozoa
from the basal to the ad luminal side. Sertoli cells were found on the basement membrane.
Myoepithelial cells were also observed between the basement membrane and the basal
layer of germinal epithelium.Leydig cells were large polymorphous cells in the intertubular
area. The epididymis was paired and located at the postero-dorsal aspect of each testis.
Histologically, it was composed of three portions viz., caput, corpus and cauda. The
epididymal ducts lined by a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium consisted of principal tall columnar cells with prominent stereocilia, peripheral basal cells, apical and
clear cells. The lumen of each duct was filled with spermatozoa. The ductus deferens were
paired structures arising from the tail of the epididymis. At the urethral end each formed a
bulged structure, the ampulla which opened at the level of colliculus seminalis.
The urethra had two parts viz., pelvic and penile. The pelvic urethra extended from
the urinary bladder to the pubis and thereafter continued as penile urethra which extended
up to the tip of penis. At the neck of the urinary bladder, the ductus deferens, prostate,
seminal vesicles and coagulating glands opened into the pelvic urethra. The secretions from
the accessory sex glands formed the large coagulum in the lumen. The penis consisted of
root, body and glans covered on its surface by the preputial skin. It comprised the penile
urethra, vascular erectile tissue and orifice of penis.
The ampullary glands were paired glandular outpouchings of ductus deferens on
either side. The seminal vesicles were located on the dorsolateral aspect of the urinary
bladder. The paired vesicular glands were compound tubular or tubuloalveolar. The
prostate gland was divided into three lobes viz., ventral, dorsolateral and anterior.
The bulbourethral glands were located near the base of the penis. The coagulating
glands (anterior prostate) were attached to the inner surface of the seminal vesicles and
situated in the craniodorsal aspect of the prostate. Its single duct opened separately into the
urethra. The preputial glands were located in the caudal subcutaneous tissue on either side
of the penis. Each gland had a duct which opened into the area between the inner surface of
the prepuce and glans penis.
The various components of the testis and the germinal cells showed a spectrum
ofpositive reaction for PAS, AB and bromophenol blue. The ductular epithelium of
epididymis, ductus deferens and urethra was AB positive. The secretions of all the glands
were positive for PAS and bromophenol blue.
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