Effect of residue retention and tillage practices on performance of wheat varieties
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Date
2021-06
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CCSHAU, Hisar
Abstract
The present study entitled, “Effect of residue retention and tillage practices on performance of
wheat varieties” was conducted at the farm of college of agriculture, Kaul during rabi seasons of
2017-18 and 2018-19. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design, keeping four sowing methods
(wheat sown with turbo seeder under full residue retention, TS+IR+LR; wheat sown with turbo seeder
under intact rice residue, TS+IR; wheat sown with zero till seed cum fertilizer drill under no residue,
ZT+NR; and wheat sown in conventional tillage conditions under no residue, CT+NR) in main plots
and six wheat varieties (HD 2967, HD 3086, WH 1105, WH 711, WH 1124 and WH 1142) in sub
plots with three replications. Among sowing methods during both the years, TS+IR+LR took
significantly maximum number of days to attain different phenological stages, recorded better growth,
yield and quality attributes and resulted into significantly higher wheat yields as compared to CT+NR.
The net returns benefit cost ratio and nutrient uptake were also maximum with TS + IR + LR sowing
method. After completion of the experiment, soils under TS+IR+LR registered significantly higher
nitrogen content than under CT+NR. Among the wheat varieties, HD 3086 recorded maximum
growth parameters (dry matter, crop growth rate, leaf area index and number of tillers), yield
attributes (effective tillers and test weight) and grain yield but was strictly followed by WH 1105 and
HD 2967 and significantly higher than rest of varieties. Quality parameters viz; hectolitre weight and
grain appearance score were also higher in HD 3086. However, spike length, number of grains/spike,
protein content, and nitrogen content in seed, straw yield and biological yield were found maximum in
wheat variety WH 1105. Variety WH 1142 recorded maximum plant height and required maximum
days to attain different phenological stages than rest of varieties. The emergence count, phosphorus
content, available P and K were not differed among wheat varieties. Net returns and benefit cost ratio
were obtained maximum with HD 3086 followed by WH 1105, HD 2967, WH 1142, WH 711 and
WH 1124 wheat varieties.