CLINICO - DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES ON PYODERMA IN DOGS
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Date
2022-03
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to record the occurrence of pyoderma and also
to study the clinical symptomatology, haemato-biochemical findings, antibiotic
susceptibility pattern and to assess the therapeutic regimen in dogs affected with
pyoderma. The occurrence of dermatological disorders among 1443 cases presented to
the small animal medical ward recorded was 24.67 (356) per cent of which suggestive of
pyoderma constituted 10.60 (153/1443) per cent of the total cases and 42.98 per cent of
the total dermatological disorders. The type wise occurrence of pyoderma in the present study revealed highest
occurrence of 79.73 % for superficial pyoderma followed by surface (14.86 %) and least
for deep pyoderma (5.41%). Occurrence of pyoderma in relation to age group, breed and
gender revealed highest occurrence in 1-3 years old dogs, Labrador Retriever breed and
Non descriptive breed and male dogs. The clinical signs observed in dogs affected with surface pyoderma were alopecia,
pruritus, erythema, hot spots whereas in superficial pyoderma the signs include alopecia,
pruritus, erythema, pustules, papules, epidermal collarettes, scales, crusts, plaques and
moth-eaten appearance while in deep pyoderma alopecia, pruritus, nodules, exudation
and cellulitis.
Diagnosis of pyoderma was done based on the clinical signs, cytology, isolation
and identification of bacteria. Isolation and Identification of different bacteria by cultural
examination and biochemical tests revealed that highest percent isolated was
Staphylococcus spp. alone followed by mixed colonies of Staphylococcus spp.+
Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp.+ Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus spp.+
Klebsiella spp.+ Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp. + Escherichia coli and least
isolated was Staphylococcus spp. +Escherichia coli + Pseudomonas spp.
Antibiotic susceptibility test conducted on whole culture and pure cultures
revealed highest susceptibility with amikacin followed by cefpodoxime, ciprofloxacin,
amoxycillin clavulanic acid, cefadroxil, cephalexin and resistance to erythromycin,
clindamycin and cotrimoxazole.
Underlying factors noticed in dogs affected with pyoderma were tick infestation,
lice infestation, flea infestation, demodicosis and Malassezia dermatitis.
Haemato biochemical findings revealed significant decrease in mean values of
haemoglobin, lymphocytes and albumin. The mean values of TLC, neutrophils and
globulin increased significantly whereas non significant increase in eosinophils,
monocytes and total protein values were noticed.
Therapeutic trial conducted by using three different antibiotics viz., cefpodoxime
proxetil, amoxycillin clavulanic acid and enrofloxacin were proved to be efficacious in
the treatment of superficial pyoderma in dogs.
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