MANAGEMENT OF ANTHRACNOSE OF CHILLI THROUGH BIOPESTICIDES AND STROBILURIN FUNGICIDES
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Date
2021-10-20
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College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.)
Abstract
The fungal pathogen causing anthracnose of chilli was isolated and identified as Colletotrichum cliviicola on the basis of morphological characters and sequencing of DNA region coding for internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Amplification of genomic DNA of fungus with primer pair ITS1 and ITS4 gave a single band of approximately 700 bp on gel electrophoresis. In pathogenicity test, 9 days incubation period of C. cliviicola on chilli fruits was observed by pin prick inoculation of the pathogen. Among six different aqueous biopesticides, Eucalyptus citriodora and Cannabis sativa caused maximum mycelial inhibition of 51.01 and 44.53 per cent, respectively. Cow urine alone resulted in complete inhibition in mycelial growth of fungus at all concentrations. While, in cow urine-based extracts, maximum mycelial inhibition of 75.18 and 58.14 per cent was observed with E. citriodora and Azadirachta indica, respectively. Among ethanol extracts, maximum inhibition of 66.76 per cent was observed with E. citriodora. Among effective biopesticides evaluated for management of chilli anthracnose on fruits, minimum 5.37 and 20.67 per cent disease index was observed with E. citriodora and A. indica, respectively. In dual culture assay, maximum mycelial inhibition of 72.22 per cent was observed with Trichoderma harzianum TH5 strain followed by 71.48 per cent with T. koningii JA strain. Fruit spray of T. harzianum TH5 strain was found most effective with minimum 8.37 per cent disease index. Standard fungicide carbendazim alone resulted in complete inhibition of mycelial growth at all evaluated concentrations. While among the strobilurin fungicides, maximum inhibition of 87.78 per cent in mycelial growth was observed with metiram + pyraclostrobin followed by tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin and azoxystrobin + difenoconazole with 85.92 and 84.81 per cent mycelial growth inhibition, respectively. Among fruit spray of strobilurin fungicide, tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin resulted in minimum 3.70 percent disease index compared to 80.37 per cent in control.