Stability analysis for fruit yield and component traits in GMS based hybrids of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)
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Date
2022-08-23
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palampur
Abstract
The experimental material comprised of 12 GMS based hybrids and 4 checks namely,
Him Palam Mirch 1, Him Palam Mirch 2, Surajmukhi and CH-27 which were evaluated in
Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications at five diverse locations by
creating seven environments during summer 2021 viz., field conditions at Palampur (E1),
conventional farming polyhouse conditions at Palampur (E2), natural farming polyhouse
conditions at Palampur (E3), field conditions at Bajaura (E4), Berthin (E5), Mandi (E6) and
Dhaulakuan (E7). The analysis of variance showed that genotypes were highly significant for
majority of the traits across environments with a few exceptions in some locations. On the
basis of mean performance, hybrids namely, DPCHYB 10, DPCHYB 5, DPCHYB 12 and
DPCHYB 8 were the top ranked hybrids for green, red ripe and dry fruit yield per plant. Joint
regression analysis revealed that G × E (linear) was found to be significant for all the traits
except recovery percentage of dry chilli. E + (G × E) were also found significant for majority
of the traits except fruit length, pedicle length, number of primary branches and recovery
percentage of dry chilli. Of the 16 genotypes, only seven hybrids showed stability for
marketable green fruit yield based on Eberhart and Russel model that include high yielding
hybrids viz., DPCHYB 10, DPCHYB 8 and DPCHYB 5. G+GE biplot model extrude that E5
was the most representative and discriminating environment for marketable green fruit yield
and was suitable for selecting generally adapted genotypes whereas, for marketable red ripe
fruit yield per plant and dry fruit yield per plant, E2 and E4 were discriminating and non representative test environments that may be useful for identifying genotypes that were
specifically suitable under certain situation and for deleting unstable genotypes. Mean vs
stability biplot revealed that hybrids DPCHYB 10 and DPCHYB 5 had the highest marketable
green fruit yield per plant followed by DPCHYB 12 and DPCHYB 8 while hybrids DPCHYB
10, DPCHYB 8, DPCHYB 5 and DPCHYB 12 were most promising both for red ripe and dry
fruit yield. ‘Which won where’ polygon view of GGE biplot model showed that the top green
fruit yielding genotype DPCHYB 5 was the most responsive in E1, while DPCHYB 10 was
the winning genotype for rest of the environments. Similarly, for marketable red ripe and dry
fruit yield per plant, top high yielding genotype DPCHYB 10 was the most predominant in
E6, E7, E5, E4, E2 and E3 and DPCHYB 8 in E1. Three primers namely, CAM 855, CAM
647 and HPMSE 004 were highly polymorphic and clearly validated the hybridity of 12
hybrids with respect to their respective male and female parents e.g., CAM 647 for DPCHYB
2, DPCHYB 7, DPCHYB 8 and DPCHYB 12, HPMSE 004 for DPCHYB 3, DPCHYB 4,
DPCHYB 6 and DPCHYB 10, and CAM 855 for DPCHYB 1, DPCHYB 5, DPCHYB 9 and
DPCHYB 11.