ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF Acorus calamus RHIZOME EXTRACT AGAINST Haemonchus SPECIES IN GOATS
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Date
2022-01
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College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out with the view to study the anthelminitic
activity of Acorus calamus rhizome extract against Haemonchus species in goats.
Haemonchus contortus worms were found to be the predominant worm in the goat
population of the farm.
The qualitative phytochemical analysis of hydroethanolic extract of Acorus
calamus rhizome revealed the presence of terpenoids, steroid, diterpines, flavonoids,
tannin, glycoside, saponin and phenolic compound.
In in-vitro study, Haemonchus worms were exposed to different concentration of
hydroethanolic and aqueous extract of Acorus calamus rhizome. The hydroethanolic
extract was found to be more effective against Haemonchus contortus than aqueous
extract. A dose dependant anthelmintic activity was exhibited by rhizome extract and
highest efficacy was observed at 1000 μg/ml.
The goats positive for Haemonchosis showed a significant decrease in Hb, PCV,
TEC, total serum protein, albumin A:G ration and serum iron and a significant increase
in TLC, neutrophil and eosinophil percentage and liver enzymes (ALT and AST).
In-vivo anthelmintic study of hydroethanolic extract of Acorus calamus rhizome
@ 500 mg/kg b.wt. orally (two doses, 0 day and 21st day) and fenbendazole @ 5 mg/ kg
b.wt. orally were given to Haemonchus infected goats. EPG count, haemato-biochemical
parameters and clinical improvement were evaluated on ‘0’, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day
post treatment. In Group I, EPG became 0 on 28th day after administration of second
dose on 21st day. In Group II, treated with fenbendazole, EPG count became 0 on 7th day.
Haematological parameters showed increase in Hb, PCV, TEC, lymphocyte % and
decrease in TLC, neutrophil and eosinophil % post treatment and biochemical analysis
showed increase in values of TSP, Serum Albumin, A:G ratio and Serum Iron after
treatment. Globulin, ALT and AST values decreased significantly post treatment.
On the basis of reduction of EPG count and haemato-biochemical changes, the
therapeutic efficacy of hydroethanolic extract of Acorus calamus rhizome was 100% on
28th day post treatment with administration of second dose orally on 21st day.
Fenbendazole showed a higher efficacy with 100% reduction of EPG on 7th day post
treatment.