Biodiversity of Natural Enemies in Grape Ecosystem
Loading...
Date
2017-07
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad
Abstract
Studies on biodiversity of natural enemies in grape ecosystem were undertaken during 2016-17. The experiment was conducted in three locations namely Vijayapur (Study area-1), Aliyabad (Study area-2) and Tikota (Study area-3) of Vijayapur district, Karnataka (India).
Assessment of different methods of natural enemy collection and to study the effect of herbivore induced plant volatile on biodiversity of natural enemies and the identification of insect predators and parasitoids of major grape pests were carried out. Natural enemies were collected through three methods viz., Herbivore induced plant volatile (Methyl salicylate 99-100% , Lobal chemie), Yellow sticky trap (YST) and Sweep net (SN). Collection method through Herbivore induced plant volatile (HIPV) was found significantly superior and on par with yellow sticky trap method. The abundance of natural enemies was highest by HIPV (43.00 %) followed by yellow sticky trap (35.00 %) and lowest in sweep net (22.00 %) method of collection. The highest abundance was recorded for coccinellids (37.00 %) and lowest abundance was recorded for ichneumonids (11.00 %). Among the natural enemies collected, predators constituted 89.00 per cent and parasitoids 11.00 per cent. Studies on input usage pattern in the study areas revealed different levels of pesticide pressure and also the variations in pest load, land use practices and pest management practices and weather conditions. Keeping this in view diversity indices were calculated. The Simpson diversity index values were 0.76, 0.79 and 0.81, Shannon index values were 1.68, 1.70 and 1.73 and Evenness values were 0.96, 0.93 and 0.87 for study area -1, 2 and 3 respectively. There were seven families of natural enemies from five orders in three study areas viz., Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), Syrphidae (Diptera) Icneumonidae (Hymenoptera), Pentatomidae and Miridae (Hemiptera), Chrysopidae and Hemerobidae (Neuroptera).