Soil test crop response based site specific integrated nutrient management in mungbean
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Date
2021-08
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Field experiments were carried out as per the design and plan formulated by AICRP on STCR in the D7 block of Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (29o N, 79o26’ E, and 243.84 metres above the mean sea level) to work out soil test crop response based site specific integrated nutrient management in mungbean. Prior to the test crop experiment, a soil fertility gradient stabilizing experiment was conducted during rabi 2019-20 by splitting the experimental field into three equal plots. Graded levels of fertilizer nutrients were applied and exhaust crop wheat was grown to create soil fertility gradient artificially. Test crop mungbean (var. Pant Mung 5) was grown during kharif 2020, after dividing each plot into 24 sub-plots (21 treated + 3 control). Response of mungbean to different combinations of varying levels of nitrogen (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg N ha-1), phosphorus (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg P2O5 ha-1), potassium (0, 15, 30 and 45 kg K2O ha-1) and FYM (0, 5, 10 t ha-1) was assessed. Laboratory experiments were also conducted to evaluate seed quality parameters of mungbean using selected combinations of varying doses of fertilizer nutrients with and with out FYM. Before the test crop experiment on mungbean, the soil test value of organic carbon, alkaline KMnO4-N, Olsen's-P, and NH4OAc-K in the entire experimental field varied from 0.702 to 0.995 percent, 112.90 to 225.79 kg N ha-1, 14.58 to 23.80 kg P ha-1, and 112.90 to 276.64 kg K ha-1, respectively. Grain yield of mungbean lied within the range of 4.58 to 14.33 q ha-1. Total N, P and K uptake by mungbean varied between 31.03 to 96.51 kg ha-1, 3.84 to 12.54 kg ha-1 and 17.83 to 49.15 kg ha-1, respectively. Production of one quintal of mungbean grain required 6.72 kg N ha-1, 0.883 kg P ha-1 and 3.52 kg K ha-1, respectively. Soil contributed 28.06, 24.73, and 13.19 percent of N, P and K, respectively. FYM contributed 5.94, 3.18, and 7.21 percent of N, P and K, respectively. Fertilizer contributed 113.22, 15.1, and 39.52 percent of N, P and K, respectively. While, fertilizer in combination with FYM contributed 135.01, 18.85, and 55.84 percent of N, P and K, respectively. Soil test crop response based site specific prescription equations for targeted yield of mungbean were developed with and without FYM and it was found that with specific yield target fertilizer N, P and K requirement decreased with increasing soil test values, however for a specific soil test value, fertilizer N, P and K requirement increased with increasing yield target. Application of FYM reduced fertilizer nutrient requirement for the crop. Maximum response in terms of grain yield and protein yield was observed with the medium dose of nitrogen (20 kg N ha-1), phosphorus (50 kg P2O5 kg ha-1) and potassium (30 kg K2O kg ha-1). Improvement in majority of seed quality parameters of mungbean with varying dose of nutrients (keeping other two nutrients doses constant) was observed with 20 kg N ha-1 with FYM @ 10 t ha-1 ,75 kg P2O5 ha-1 with FYM @ 10 t ha-1 and 30 kg K2O ha-1 with FYM @ 5 t ha-1. Therefore, based on monetary capacity of farmers, findings of the current investigation may be used for fertilizer nutrients prescription for mungbean in similar soil and climatic conditions after its verification at farmer’s field.