FRUITING HABIT GENETICS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON FRUIT TRAITS AND YIELD IN CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.)
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Date
2018-12-17
Authors
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU
Abstract
Fruits node-1
and fruit orientation are economically important fruiting habit traits in
chilli. Fruiting habit(s) could be solitary-erect (SE), solitary-pendant (SP), clustered-erect
(CE) and clustered-pendant (CP). Farmer preferences for fruiting habit traits varies from
region to region. An understanding of genetics of fruiting habit traits help accelerate
breeding chilli cultivars with farmer-preferred desired combination of fruiting habit traits
in high fruit yield background. Nine diverse genotypes contrasting for fruiting habit traits
were crossed to develop fourteen F1 hybrids of seven distinct fruiting habit trait
combinations, namely CE × SE, CP × SP, CE × CP, CE × SP, CP × SE, SE × SP and SE ×
SP during 2015 rainy season; The F2 and backcross generations (B1 and B2) were developed
during 2016 summer. F1, F2, B1 and B2 of all the seven distinct types of crosses were
evaluated and pattern of segregation for fruiting habit traits was recorded during 2016 and
2017 rainy seasons at the experimental plots of the Department of Genetics and Plant
Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru. Results indicated bi-allelic
monogenic inheritance of fruits node-1
and fruit orientation with solitary being dominant
over clustered and pendant being dominant over erect orientation, respectively. Genes
controlling fruits node-1
and orientation of fruits segregated independently. Magnitude and
direction of additive genetic effects [a] and dominance genetic effects [d] and additive
genetic variance (σ
2
A) and dominance genetic variance (σ
2
D) varied with the genetic
background of the crosses and traits. Non-significant differences between fruiting habit
classes such as (1) S & E, (2) S & P and (3) CE & CP for fruit yield and its contributing
traits in both F2 and back cross populations and one pair of near isogenic lines (NILs)
indicated the lack of influence of fruiting habit traits on fruit yield and its contributing
traits.