GENETIC VARIABILITY STUDIES IN F 3 FAMILIES OF INDIAN MUSTARD (Brassica juncea L.)
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Date
2019
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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6
Abstract
Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.] is one of the most
important oilseed crops of the country , and it occupies considerably large
acreage among the Brassica group of oilseed crops. The average productivity of
rapeseed-mustard in Jharkhand (642kg/ha) needs to be increased as it is much
below the national average (1176kg/ha). This can be achieved through breeding
high yielding varieties. The success of any breeding programme in general and
improvement of specific traits through selection in particular crop. The present
experiment was carried out to construct various selection parameters from the
different character combinations taking F3 populations of fifteen cross
combinations of Indian mustard. Variability parameters, heritability, genetic
advance, and character associations in the experimental materials have been
estimated based on eight quantitative traits.
Wide range of variability was observed for plant height, secondary branch
per plant, main shoot length, silique on main shoot, number of seed per silique
and seed yield per plant whereas moderate to narrow range of variabilities were
recorded for days to first flowering and days to maturity in almost all the
segregating populations of fifteen crosses. However in parents narrow to
moderate range of variabilities were observed for almost all the yield attributing
traits.
Phenotypic coefficient of variations were higher in magnitude than the
genotypic coefficient of variations in respect of all the characters in both
segregating as well as parental populations.
High to moderate phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variations (PCV
& GCV) were recorded for secondary branches per plant, plant height, main
shoot length, number of seeds per siliqua, siliqua on main shoot, and yield per
plant whereas days to first flowering and days to maturity registered narrow
genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variations in segregating populations of
all the F3 families. However in parental populations barring few traits, most of the
yield attributing characters exhibited narrow to moderate PCV & GCV.
F3 families of NRCHB - 101 X PM – 21 registered highest magnitude of
phenotypic as well as genotypic coefficient of variations for days to first flowering
and siliqua on main shoot. It had also maximum GCV for plant height.
The segregating populations of PM – 25 X PM – 21 had maximum PVC
as well as GCV for secondary branch per plant.
Maximum PCV as well as GCV for days to maturity and seed yield per
plant were observed in F3 families of NRCHB – 101 X RLC – 1 where NRCDR –
21 inhibited maximum PCV and GCV for number of seeds per siliqua.
Maximum GCV was observed for maximum shoot length in F3 families of
SHIVANI X PM - 21 while F3 families PUSA BOLD X PM – 21 showed highest
PCV for main shoot length.
The F3 families of NRCDR-2 X PM-21 exhibited maximum heritability
coupled with maximum genetic gain for secondary branch per plant and number
of seeds per siliqua. Similarity the segregating population of PUSA BOLD X PM
– 21 registered maximum heritability along with maximum genetic gain for plant
height, PM-25 X PM-21 for main shoot length and siliqua on main shoot and
NRCHB-101 X RLC-1 for seed yield per plant and days of maturity.
The correlation studies revealed that seed yield per plant had strong
positive association with secondary branches per plant, main shoot length, plant
height, number of siliqua on main shoot, and number of seed per siliqua in most
of the segregating as well as parental populations.
Multiple regression analysis revealed that F3 families of different crosses
responded differentially for yield prediction based on regression equation.
Best fitted regression equations were different for each of the fifteen F3
families indicating thereby regression model and contribution of independent
variables to yield was different for each of the fifteen F3 families.
In segregating population of NRCHB-101 X PM-21 due weightage should
be given to secondary branches per plant and main shoot length while practicing
selection as these traits have maximum contribution to yield.
Secondary branches per plant and number of siliqua on main shoot had
contributed significantly maximum towards yield in segregating populations of
eleven out of fifteen crosses. Hence these two traits are identified as most
important yield attributes based on which selection of elite genotypes from
segregating population would be advantageous in the present study.
Description
GENETIC VARIABILITY STUDIES IN F 3 FAMILIES OF INDIAN MUSTARD (Brassica juncea L.)
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