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Agriculture University, Jodhpur

Agriculture University, Jodhpur was established on 14th September, 2013 by Government of Rajasthan under Agriculture University, Jodhpur Act 21 of 2013 to focus on holistic development of arid and semi-arid regions of the state covering 6 districts (Jodhpur, Barmer, Nagaur, Pali, Jalore and Sirohi), constituting 28% of total geographical area which is sustaining 20.8% human and 28.4% animal population of the state. The districts under jurisdiction of the university cover 3 agro-ecological zones of the state. These are Arid Western Plain Zone Ia (Jodhpur and Barmer districts), Transitional plain of Luni Basin Zone IIb (Jalore, Pali, and Sirohi districts) and part of Transitional Plain of Inland Drainage Zone IIa (Nagaur district). The university has 1 institute of diploma and 3 colleges to produce highly competent educated human resources in agriculture and allied sciences besides 2 agricultural research stations, one each in zone Ia & IIb and 3 agricultural research sub stations, one in each zone to prepare, plan and perform highly need based research in this acute water scarce but naturally rich bio-diversified zone of the country. The third most important part in tri-pillar (Teaching, Research & Extension) of agricultural development, the extension for transfer of technologies are reached to doorsteps of the farming community by 6 Krishi Vigyan Kendras (K-V-Ks), 2 in Nagaur district and 1 each in Jodhpur, Barmer, Jalore & Sirohi districts under the umbrella of the university. The different units of teaching, research and extension are coordinating to systematically run by the headquarter situated at Mandor, Jodhpur.

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20214
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Subject: Plant Pathology × End date: 2021 × Start date: 2021 × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Blast [Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc.] of Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br] and it’s Management
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2021-08-08) Kumar, Mukesh; Ram, Dama; Verma, J.R.; M.M., Sundria
    Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br] is a distinctive crop among the leading cereals, excellent fodder crop for livestock and staple food of the world's poor and most food insecure communities in the arid, semi-arid, tropical and sub-tropical areas of Asia and Africa. It is known through different names like Bajra, Bulrush or Spiked millet. It is a C4 cereal, belonging to family Poaceae (formerly Gramineae) and native place is central Africa. Pearl millet affected by a number of disease caused by fungus, bacteria, viruses and nematodes. Among all, pearl millet blast caused by Pyricularia grisea is one of the most important disease. The disease appears on foliage as greyish, water-soaked lesions that enlarge and become necrotic, resulting in extensive chlorosis which leads premature drying of young leaves. The annual losses in yield due to blast alone range from 1-60%. The detailed investigations on various aspects were carried out in the present study. A survey conducted for blast disease severity in different districts of Western Rajasthan showed that Nagaur recorded highest blast disease severity (43.4%) followed by Jodhpur (36.8%) , Barmer (22.4%), Jaisalmer (21.4%) and minimum disease severity was recorded in Pali (16.6%). The disease samples with characteristic symptoms were collected from the farmer’s field and were subjected to isolate by following standard tissue isolation method and revealed the association of Pyricularia grisea after studying the cultural and morphological characters of the fungus and the pathogenicity was proved by following Koch’s Postulates. Thirty-two hybrids including with one susceptible checks were screened against Pyricularia grisea pathogen, None of the cultivars showed highly resistant and resistant reaction under field condition. Among the fungicides screened in vitro, complete mycelial growth inhibition of P. grisea was observed in Tricyclazole, carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% and tebuconazole 50% + trifloxystrobin 25%. Chlorothalonil gave lowest effect in inhibiting the mycelia growth (46, 48& 51%) at, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm concentrations. Trichoderma harzianum (76.17%) was found most efficient bio-agent in inhibiting the mycelial growth of P. grisea under in vitro condition.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Exploration of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cumini) and it’s Management
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2021-08-08) Jangir, Hitendra; Ram, Dama; Verma, J.R.; Singh, L.N.
    Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) belongs to the family Apiaceae, locally known as Jeera or Zeera. It is believed to be a native of the Mediterranean and Near Eastern regions. It is mainly cultivated in India, Egypt, Libya, Iran, Pakistan and Mexico. For the better cultivation moderate sub-tropical climate is appropriate and required cool and dry climate for better growth. It cannot withstand high humidity and heavy rainfall. For cumin cultivation well drained sandy or loamy soil is preferred and mostly grown on light textured soil deficient in nitrogen with low water retention capacity. Seed and soil borne pathogens are the major constraints in production of cumin, causing poor germination and early mortality of seedling. Cumin crop is mainly affected by three fungal (wilt, blight & powdery mildew) diseases. Wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cumini is one of the most important disease. Cumin wilt disease usually seen during early stages of crop growth to crop harvesting stage resulting in damage to the seed. The annual yield losses due to wilt disease alone are up to 60%, the disease has a potential to damage the crop with up to 25.7% but may be 60% losses in some cases, and the detailed investigations on various aspects were carried out in the present study. A roving survey carried out for wilt disease incidence in different tehsils of Jodhpur district of Rajasthan showed that Tinwari recorded maximum wilt disease incidence (21.92%) followed by Balesar (19.10%), Phalodi (17.17%), Osian (15.55%) and minimum wilt disease incidence was recorded in Bilara (12.87%). The freshly infected cumin plants showed typical wilt symptoms were collected from the farmer’s field and isolate by following standard tissue isolation method and revealed the association of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cumini after studying the cultural and morphological characters of the fungus and the pathogenicity was proved by following Koch’s Postulates. The pure culture was sent for identification to Indian Type Culture Collection (I.T.C.C.), I.A.R.I., New Delhi – 110 012 and was identified as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cumini (ID. No. 11,536.21). Thirty cumin germplasm were screened, none of the germplasm showed immune and resistant reaction under field condition.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Stem and Root Rot [Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.] of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) and it’s Management
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2021-08-08) Bairwa, Pradip Kumar; Ram, Dama; Verma, J.R.; Kumawat, M.M.
    Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is oldest oil seed crop and affected by several diseases, in which Mcrophomina phaseolina causes heavy yield losses during cropping season. It caused stem and root rot and affect plant parts during all stages of the crop growth. Pathogen having a wide host range, survive in soil as saprophytic and in form of sclerotia, and management is difficult in nature, therefore it is a major problem in sesame growing areas. The disease incidence was (15.18 - 32.74%) recorded during survey in major sesame growing areas of Western Rajasthan. The disease samples were brought to laboratory for further studies. Disease incidence was found maximum in Pali district (32.74%) followed by Jodhpur (28.39%), Nagaur (27.79%) and lowest incidence was observed in Barmer district (15.18%). Mean disease incidence was 26.00%. Pathogen was isolated from infected stem and root parts and purified by using hyphal tip cut method. Proved pathogenicity through Koch’s postulates by using seed cum soil inoculation techniques and 55.32% disease incidence was observed. Five isolates were achieved namely, AUMP-1, AUMP-2, AUMP-3, AUMP-4 and AUMP-5 identified. The variability among the different isolates of M. phaseolina was studied to determine the growth parameter and sclerotial formation of each isolate. AUMP-1 was most virulent isolate. M. phaseolina grew best at 30ºC temperature and observed maximum mycelial growth (90.00 mm) in the isolate AUMP-1under in vitro conditions. In the cultural and morphological studies, M. phaseolina was initially appeared as dirty white mycelium then turn to fluffy white to black with minute dark black sclerotia on PDA medium. The hyphal branch was at dense and feathery angles with constriction of hyphal branches at their point of origin with closed septum. The microsclerotia were dark black in colour and varied in size with 70.27 – 99.00 µm. The pycnidia was not observed on cultural media. From the study on effect of solid cultural media, the highest radial growth and excellent sclerotial formation was obtained on PDA (90.00 mm) and proved best followed by Richard’s Agar (83.63 mm) for growth of M. phaseolina
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Investigations and Management of Early blight [Alternaria solani (Ellis and Martin) Jones & Grout] of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
    (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, 2021-08-10) Choudhary, Anand; Verma, J.R.; Ram, Dama; Moond, S.K.
    Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) belongs to the nightshade family Solanaceae. It is most remunerative vegetable crop. Tomato originated from Peru, Bolivia, Chili and Ecuador. Early blight disease cause more than 79% fruit yield loss under suitable environment condition therefore, present investigations on A. solani were under taken with the objectives viz., survey, collection, isolation, pathogenicity test, varietal screening, management thought fungicides, plant extracts, neem formulation, bio agents under in vitro conditions. The survey studies indicated that early blight disease (A. solani) was common occurrence and distributed in all five tehsils of Jodhpur district of Rajasthan showed that Tinwari (32.35%) recorded highest disease intensity and least early blight intensity was recorded from Bilara (12.04%). Fresh naturally infected tomato diseased plants showing typical characteristic symptoms of early blight were collected from College farm, Agriculture University, Jodhpur and were subjected to isolate by following standard tissue isolation method and revealed the association of Alternaria spp. after studying the morphological characters of the fungus and the pathogenicity was proved by Koch’s Postulates. Ten tomato cultivars along with one susceptible check were screened among them Pusa Ruby and Arka Rakshak were categorized as resistant while, Pusa Rohini, Arka Abhed and Arka Samrat were moderately resistant whereas, Arka Apeksha was moderately susceptible and Kashi Adarsh and Arka Vishesh were susceptible and Arka Vikas, VL- Tamatar 4 were highly susceptible. Among the fungicides screened in vitro, complete mycelial growth inhibition of A. solani was observed in Hexaconazole 4% + Zineb 68%. whereas Pyraclostrobin 133 G/L + Epoxiconazole 50 G/L SE was second best fungicide and it inhibit 89.62% mycelial growth at 250 ppm concentration and it inhibit mycelial growth (100%) at 500, 750, 1000 ppm concentrations followed by Kresoxim methyl 44.3 SC @ 0.044% and recorded 88.14% mycelial inhibition at 250 ppm 98.21% at 500 ppm and 100% at 750 & 1000 ppm concentration respectively.